Functional binding of the "TATA" box binding component of transcription factor TFIID to the -30 region of TATA-less promoters.
Functional binding of the "TATA" box binding component of transcription factor TFIID to the -30 region of TATA-less promoters.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.13.5814
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发表时间：
1992-07
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Steven R. Wiley;Richard J. Kraus;Janet E. Mertz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steven R. Wiley;Richard J. Kraus;Janet E. Mertz
许多由RNA聚合酶II在高等真核生物中转录的病毒和细胞启动子缺乏明显的富含A+T的序列，称为“TATA”盒，其结合转录因子TFIID。一种这样的无 TATA 启动子，即猿猴病毒 40 主要晚期启动子，在其转录起始位点上游 30 个碱基对处包含一个遗传上重要的序列元件，该元件与 TATA 盒没有明显的序列相似性。我们在此表明，克隆的人 TATA 盒结合蛋白 hTFIID tau 在功能上与该上游序列元件结合，尽管其亲和力仅为其与 2 型腺病毒主要晚期启动子的 TATA 盒结合的亲和力的六分之一。对猿猴病毒 40 主要晚期启动子的 -30 元件中的点突变的分析表明，结合亲和力与该启动子的转录效率相关。此外，该元件具有与 TATA 盒类似的遗传特性。 (i) 它指导 RNA 聚合酶 II 在其位置下游约 30 个碱基对处启动转录，并且 (ii) 该元件的失活导致转录起始位点的异质性增加。发现测试的所有其他五个无 TATA 启动子均在其主要转录起始位点上游约 30 个碱基对处包含 hTFIID tau 结合的序列。我们得出的结论是，许多（如果不是全部）无 TATA 启动子与包含 TATA 盒的启动子的不同之处仅在于其 -30 区域对 TFIID 结合的亲和力，而 TFIID 的功能性结合部分由启动子的其他附近序列元件支持。
Many viral and cellular promoters transcribed in higher eukaryotes by RNA polymerase II lack obvious A+T-rich sequences, called "TATA" boxes, that bind the transcription factor TFIID. One such TATA-less promoter, the simian virus 40 major late promoter, contains a genetically important sequence element 30 base pairs upstream of its transcription initiation site that has no obvious sequence similarity to a TATA box. We show here that the cloned human TATA box-binding protein, hTFIID tau, functionally binds to this upstream sequence element, although with an affinity one-sixth of that to which it binds the TATA box of the adenovirus type 2 major late promoter. Analysis of point mutations in the -30 element of the simian virus 40 major late promoter shows that the affinity of binding correlates with the efficiency of transcription from this promoter. Furthermore, this element has genetic properties similar to those of a TATA box. (i) It directs RNA polymerase II to initiate transcription approximately 30 base pairs downstream of its location, and (ii) inactivation of this element results in increased heterogeneity in the sites of transcription initiation. All of five other TATA-less promoters tested were found to contain a sequence approximately 30 base pairs upstream of their major transcription initiation sites to which hTFIID tau binds. We conclude that many, if not all, TATA-less promoters differ from TATA box-containing promoters simply in the affinity of their -30 regions for binding of TFIID, with functional binding of TFIID supported in part by other nearby sequence elements of the promoter.