THE THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BASES OF THE FRONTAL PLANE VENTRICULAR GRADIENT AND ITS SPATIAL COUNTERPART
THE THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BASES OF THE FRONTAL PLANE VENTRICULAR GRADIENT AND ITS SPATIAL COUNTERPART
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DOI：
10.1016/0002-8703(54)90221-5
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发表时间：
1954-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
BAKKEN, EE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SIMONSON, E;SCHMITT, OH;BAKKEN, EE
1.1.重新审视了心室梯度概念的理论基础。在威尔逊实验和相应的人类病例中分析了改变心室激动途径的效果。对一组107名健康男性和文献中的相应材料计算心室梯度大小的正常限值并制成表格。对文献的分析表明，即使是晚期心肌受累，也很少有病例超过这些正常限度。在三个不同的实验正常组中，即使使用附录II.6.6中所述的电子积分器进行面积测量，也未发现明显QRS和T面积之间存在相关性。对空间梯度现有文献的分析表明，尚未描述适当的测量方法。开发了一种基于确定第五肋间隙QRS-T区域零点来测量空间心室梯度的简单方法。8.8.给出了空间心室梯度及其分量的一些有代表性的正常值。与传统心室梯度理论所暗示的负相关性相比，空间QRS和T面积之间存在很强的正相关性。基于立体向量理论，提出了一种理论上更令人满意的空间心室梯度定义。11.11.描述了用于瞬时确定空间心室梯度的技术电子手段。12.12.该结果不鼓励在临床心电图中进一步使用额状面心室梯度。其空间相关性的价值还有待证明。
1.1. The theoretical basis of the ventricular gradient concept is re-examined.2.2. The effect of changing pathway of ventricular activation is analyzed in Wilson's experiment and in a corresponding human case.3.3. Normal limits for the magnitude of the ventricular gradient are calculated and tabulated for a group of 107 healthy men and for corresponding material available from the literature.4.4. Analysis of the literature reveals that very few cases even with advanced myocardial involvement exceed these normal limits.5.5. No correlation is found between the manifest QRS and T areas in any of three different experimental normal groups even when the area measurements are made by means of an electronic integrator, which is described in appendix II.6.6. Analysis of the existing literature on the spatial gradient reveals that no adequate method of measurement has yet been described.7.7. A simple method for measuring the spatial ventricular gradient based on determination of a null point for the QRS-T area at the fifth intercostal space is developed.8.8. Some representative normal values of the spatial ventricular gradient and its components are given.9.9. A strong positive correlation between the spatial QRS and T areas is found in contrast with the negative correlation implied by conventional ventricular gradient theory.10.10. A theoretically more satisfactory definition of a spatial ventricular gradient is proposed based on the stereovector theory.11.11. Technical electronic means for instananeous determination of the spatial ventricular gradient are described.12.12. The results do not encourage further use of the frontal plane ventricular gradient in clinical electrocardiography. The value of its spatial correlate remains to be proved.