Ecosystem size filters life‐history strategies to shape community assembly in lakes
Ecosystem size filters life‐history strategies to shape community assembly in lakes
复制标题
生态系统规模过滤生命——塑造湖泊群落组合的历史策略
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2656.13925
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Rypel, Andrew L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rypel, Andrew L.
加强对社区集会规则的理解取决于跨尺度和生态组织水平运作的共享概念化。生活史策略的地理学知识特别有限，但对于建立性状多样性和物种丰富度之间关系的基础信息至关重要。本研究的目的是（i）证明如何使用先前确定的三角连续体进化权衡对生活史进行分类;（ii）测试物种丰富度的时空异质性是否与生活史策略有关;（iii）研究物种多样性的时间和空间异质性是否与生活史策略有关。（iii）比较主要生活史策略组之间的物种-面积关系;（iv）探索物种生活史生态位空间如何由生态系统大小和景观结构塑造。鱼类群落在40个湖泊中取样，这些湖泊的体积变化很大; 11个湖泊每年取样28或42年。71个物种被划分为均衡策略者、周期策略者和机会策略者，并对不同策略类型的物种面积曲线进行了量化和比较。正如生活史理论所预测的那样，机会策略者的相对丰度在空间和时间上变化很大，而均衡策略者和周期策略者的相对丰度更稳定。小型湖泊往往只有一个物种，通常是机会主义的战略家。物种丰富度随着生态系统规模的增加而增加，但更大的生态系统越来越多地被平衡所占据，然后是周期性的战略家。与机会主义物种相比，周期性物种的丰富度随着生态系统的规模以更快的速度增加，这表明殖民灭绝点从根本上因策略而异。同样，生活史生态位空间随着生态系统规模的增加而增加，与种-面积关系雅阁，但表现出饱和行为。生态位空间在大型湖泊中变得越来越拥挤，特别是在水文连通性较高的湖泊中。生态系统的大小通过对环境稳定性、水文和生活史过滤的影响来调节群落的聚集。这一发现提供了新的见解，社区组装在多个尺度上，并具有广泛的保护应用。由于生态系统的大小过滤器朝向正交和逆生活史，不考虑生活史和群落过滤规则的保护行动（例如鱼袜）可能会失败。
Enhancing understanding of community assembly rules hinges on shared conceptualizations that operate across scales and levels of ecological organization. Knowledge of the biogeography of life‐history strategies is especially limited but crucial for building fundamental information on the relationships between trait diversity and species richness.The goals of this study were to (i) demonstrate how life histories can be classified using a previously identified triangular continuum of evolutionary trade‐offs; (ii) test whether spatial and temporal heterogeneity in species abundances is linked to life‐history strategy; (iii) compare species‐area relationships across the primary life‐history strategist groups and (iv) explore how species life‐history niche spaces are shaped by ecosystem size and landscape architecture.Fish communities were sampled in 40 lakes that varied widely in volume; 11 lakes were sampled annually for 28 or 42 years. Seventy‐one species were classified as equilibrium, periodic or opportunistic strategists, and species‐area curves were quantified and compared among strategy types.As predicted by life‐history theory, relative abundances of opportunistic strategists were extremely variable over space and time, whereas abundances of equilibrium and periodic strategists were more stable. Small lakes were often dominated by only one species, usually an opportunistic strategist. Species richness increased with ecosystem size, but larger ecosystems were increasingly inhabited by equilibrium, and then, periodic strategists. Richness of periodic species increased with ecosystem size at a faster rate compared with opportunistic species showing that colonization‐extinction points fundamentally vary by strategy. Similarly, life‐history niche space increased with ecosystem size in accord with species‐area relationships but showed saturation behaviour. Niche space became increasingly crowded in large lakes, particularly in lakes with higher hydrologic connectance.Ecosystem size mediates the assembly of communities through effects on environmental stability, hydrology and life‐history filtering. This finding provides novel insights into community assembly at multiple scales and has broad conservation applications. Because ecosystem size filters towards orthogonal and inverse life histories, conservation actions (e.g. fish stockings) that do not consider life‐history and community filtering rules will probably fail.