A key to the corticolous microfoliose, foliose and related crustose lichens from Rondonia, Brazil, with the description of four new species
A key to the corticolous microfoliose, foliose and related crustose lichens from Rondonia, Brazil, with the description of four new species
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DOI：
10.1017/s0024282914000358
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
da Silva Caceres, Marcela Eugenia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aptroot, Andre;da Silva Caceres, Marcela Eugenia
一个关键是给叶状和鳞片状地衣已知迄今为止从隆多尼亚，也包括皮生甲壳地衣与绿球藻。此外，还发现了叶生的蜡蚧目。本文描述了从隆多尼亚分离到的4个新的皮生蜡蚧目：颗粒美菜（Calopadia granulosa），具颗粒状皮层叶状体和子囊孢子，每隔1个，33-38 × 10.5-13.0 μ m; 0.2-0.4 mm直径在软骨柄上的孢子囊; Flavoparmeliaplicata，叶状体含松萝酸和原鲸蜡酸，具片状，不规则，球状至圆柱形的孢子，通常容易磨损，显示带白色的髓质，但不具索状或公设状;具上升小鳞片的Physcidia striata，没有下叶状体，通常在一些的裂片尖端的确定区域内具层状的岛孔，通常不育的裂片，具单隔子囊孢子，（6.2-）7.5-10 × 0.05。（2.5-）3.0-3.5 μ m。在朗多尼亚低地雨林区的地衣植物群中，叶状地衣只有17种（占近600种的2.7%），鳞片状地衣33种（占5.5%），而绝大多数（占91.8%）为壳状地衣。蓝藻只有6种（1%）。一种存在于c. 100例（16%），其中12例（2%）有桃金娘样痣。其余的物种，惊人的83%，有trentepohlioid的触角，包括6（1%）与Phycopeltis。在新热带低地雨林中，绝大多数地衣是甲壳状的，含有Trentepohlioid地衣，Arthoniales，Graphidaceae和pyrenocarpous地衣是主要的群体，每个约占地衣生物多样性的四分之一。
A key is given to the foliose and squamulose lichens known so far from Rondonia, including also corticolous crustose lichens with a chlorococcoid alga. The foliicolous Lecanorales found are also listed. The following four new corticolous Lecanorales are described from Rondonia: Calopadia granulosa with a granular, corticate thallus and ascospores 1 per ascus, 33-38 x 10.5-13.0 mu m; Crustospathula amazonica with irregularly capitate to nearly globose, c. 0.2-0.4 mm diam. soralia on cartilaginous stalks; Flavoparmelia plicata with a thallus containing usnic and protocetraric acids, with laminal, irregular, globose to cylindrical isidia which are often easily abraded and showing the whitish medulla, but not sorediate or postulate; Physcidia striata with ascending squamules, without hypothallus, often with laminal isidia in defined areas towards lobe tips of some, usually sterile lobes, and often with biatorine apothecia with ascospores simple to 1-septate, (6.2-) 7.5-10 x 0.(2.5-) 3.0-3.5 mu m. In the whole lichen flora of the lowland rainforest region of Rondonia, the following traits can be discerned: foliose lichens amount to only 17 species (2.7% of nearly 600), 33 (5.5%) are squamulose, while the vast majority (91.8%) are crustose. Cyanobacteria are present in only 6 (1%) species. A chlorococcoid alga present in c. 100 (16%), 12 of which (2%) have a myrmecioid alga. The remainder of the species, a staggering 83%, have trentepohlioid alga, including 6 (1%) with Phycopeltis. In neotropical lowland rainforest, the vast majority of the lichens are crustose and contain a trentepohlioid alga, and the Arthoniales, Graphidaceae and pyrenocarpous lichens are the main groups, each accounting for roughly a quarter of the lichen biodiversity.