Radioimmunoassay for human follicle-stimulating hormone: physiological studies.
Radioimmunoassay for human follicle-stimulating hormone: physiological studies.
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人卵泡刺激素的放射免疫测定：生理学研究。
DOI：
10.1172/jci105937
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发表时间：
1968
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Odell;A. Parlow;C. Cargille;G. Ross
大多数关于人类促卵泡激素（FSH）分泌变化的信息是通过对尿液浓缩物进行相对不敏感的生物测定获得的。我们已经开发了一种灵敏和特异的FSH放射免疫测定法，其灵敏度比大鼠卵巢增重测定法高500-1000倍，并且能够定量小体积血清中的FSH。用不纯的FSH制剂免疫家兔制备抗FSH。大多数抗血清显示完全不能区分LH、TSH和FSH，说明这些激素的免疫相似性。一种抗血清用于放射免疫测定时具有特异性。生物测定法的效价估计值与放射免疫测定法获得的10种含FSH制剂的效价估计值一致，但有一个例外。高纯度的LH免疫测定比生物测定的效价高。来自性腺正常男性的血清含有5-25 mIU/ml;来自去势男性的血清含有超过30 mIU/ml。来自性腺正常妇女的血清在月经周期的卵泡期含有7-25 mIU/ml，在黄体期含有5-15 mIU/ml。来自去势或绝经后妇女的血清含有40-250 mIU/ml。在19名女性的整个月经周期中测量FSH。出现的一般模式总结如下：FSH在卵泡早期有一个小的上升，然后FSH相对恒定，直到周期中期;在大多数女性中，FSH的周期中期上升与周期中期LH排卵峰同时发生;在黄体期FSH水平相对恒定，低于卵泡期。含有雌激素和孕激素的非序贯口服避孕药消除了这些变化，FSH浓度在整个治疗过程中保持较低水平。用高剂量口服雌激素治疗去势男性和去势或绝经后女性，可使FSH降至正常性腺男性或女性的水平，但不会降至检测不到的水平。小于5岁的儿童未检测到FSH（< 5 mIU/ml）。
Most of the information concerning secretion changes in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in humans has been gained with relatively insensitive bioassays of concentrates of pools of urine. We have developed a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for FSH that is 500-1000 times more sensitive than the rat ovarianweight augmentation assay and which is capable of quantifying FSH in small volumes of serum. Anti-FSH was prepared by immunizing rabbits with an impure FSH preparation. The majority of antisera showed complete inability to distinguish LH, TSH, and FSH, illustrating the immunological similarities of these hormones. One antiserum was specific when used in a radioimmunoassay. Potency estimates by bioassay were in good agreement, with a single exception, with those obtained with the radioimmunoassay for 10 FSH-containing preparations. Highly purified LH gave a higher potency by immunoassay than by bioassay. Sera from eugonadal men contained 5-25 mIU/ml; sera from castrate men contained over 30 mIU/ml. Sera from eugonadal women contained 7-25 mIU/ml during the follicular phase and 5-15 mIU/ml during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Sera from castrate or postmenopausal women contained 40-250 mIU/ml. FSH was measured throughout the menstrual cycle in 19 women. The general pattern that emerged is summarized as follows: there is a small early follicular phase rise in FSH, and then FSH is relatively constant until mid-cycle; in the majority of women a mid-cycle rise of FSH occurs coincidentally to the mid-cycle LH ovulatory peak; during the luteal phase FSH levels are relatively constant and lower than during the follicular phase. Nonsequential oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progestogen abolish these changes and FSH concentrations remain low throughout treatment. Treatment of castrate men and castrate or postmenopausal women with high doses of oral estrogens results in a fall of FSH to levels found in eugonadal men or women, but not to undetectable levels. Children less than 5 yr of age had undetectable FSH (< 5 mIU/ml).