A Science-Informed Ethics for Agricultural Biotechnology
A Science-Informed Ethics for Agricultural Biotechnology
复制标题
农业生物技术的科学伦理
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Hansson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hansson
本文对植物育种和农业生物技术中的伦理问题进行了概述，强调科学共识是伦理研究和讨论的基础。介绍了植物育种中的主要伦理问题，包括选择具有社会重要性的育种目标，如环境和营养改善，确保充分优先考虑这些育种目标所需的措施，潜在的风险以及如何权衡它们与利益，预防原则的解释，知识产权，以及建立生物技术产品的标签制度。还讨论了一些反对农业生物技术的常见论点，其中包括产量增加的负面影响、大公司的主导地位以及生物技术的所谓不自然性。
This overview of ethical issues in plant breeding and agricultural biotechnology puts emphasis on the scientific consensus as the basis for ethical studies and discussions. An introduction is given to major ethical issues in plant breeding, including the selection of socially important breeding goals such as environmental and nutritional improvements, the measures needed to ensure that sufficient priority is given to such breeding goals, potential risks and how they should be weighed against benefits, the interpretation of the precautionary principle, intellectual property rights, and the construction of a labelling system for biotechnological products. Some of the common arguments against agricultural biotechnology are also discussed, among them arguments referring to negative effects of yield increases, the dominance of big companies, and the alleged unnaturalness of biotechnology.