Ethylene-regulated asymmetric growth of the petal base promotes flower opening in rose (Rosa hybrida)
Ethylene-regulated asymmetric growth of the petal base promotes flower opening in rose (Rosa hybrida)
复制标题
乙烯调节的花瓣基部不对称生长促进玫瑰（Rosa Hydra）的花朵开放
DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koab031
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-02
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Ma, Nan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng, Chenxia;Yu, Qin;Ma, Nan
花是被子植物的核心生殖结构和主要特征。开花暴露雄蕊和雌蕊是重要的情况下，传粉者被吸引，以促进异花授粉，这可以提高繁殖成功率和物种保存。花的开放过程伴随着各种花器官，特别是花瓣的协调运动。然而，花瓣运动和花朵开放的机制还不清楚。在这里，我们整合了解剖学，生理学和分子生物学的方法来确定花瓣运动调节网络玫瑰（蔷薇）作为一个模型。我们发现，花瓣运动相关蛋白1（RhPMP 1），一个同源域转录因子（TF）基因，是乙烯不敏感3的直接靶点，乙烯不敏感3是一种在乙烯信号下游发挥作用的TF。RhPMP1表达上调乙烯和特异性激活的近轴侧的花瓣（ADSP）基地的薄壁细胞的核内复制诱导表达的RhAPC3b，基因编码的核心亚基的后期促进复合物。ADSP基部薄壁组织的细胞扩展随后增强，从而导致花瓣基部的不对称生长，导致花瓣和花朵开放的典型的上位运动。这些发现为调节花瓣运动的途径和相关的开花机制提供了见解。
Flowers are the core reproductive structures and key distinguishing features of angiosperms. Flower opening to expose stamens and gynoecia is important in cases where pollinators much be attracted to promote cross-pollination, which can enhance reproductive success and species preservation. The floral opening process is accompanied by the coordinated movement of various floral organs, particularly petals. However, the mechanisms underlying petal movement and flower opening are not well understood. Here, we integrated anatomical, physiological, and molecular approaches to determine the petal movement regulatory network using rose (Rosa hybrida) as a model. We found that PETAL MOVEMENT-RELATED PROTEIN1 (RhPMP1), a homeodomain transcription factor (TF) gene, is a direct target of ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3, a TF that functions downstream of ethylene signaling. RhPMP1 expression was upregulated by ethylene and specifically activated endoreduplication of parenchyma cells on the adaxial side of the petal (ADSP) base by inducing the expression of RhAPC3b, a gene encoding the core subunit of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex. Cell expansion of the parenchyma on the ADSP base was subsequently enhanced, thus resulting in asymmetric growth of the petal base, leading to the typical epinastic movement of petals and flower opening. These findings provide insights into the pathway regulating petal movement and associated flower-opening mechanisms.