Relative abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the San Francisco Bay estuary
Relative abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the San Francisco Bay estuary
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01764.x
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Francis, Christopher A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mosier, Annika C.;Francis, Christopher A.
海洋和河口沉积物中的氨氧化在氮的循环和去除中起着关键作用。最近的报告表明，新发现的氨氧化古菌在水生和陆地生态系统中既丰富又多样。在这项研究中，我们研究了氨氧化古菌（AOA）和betaproteobacteria（beta-AOB）的丰度和多样性的理化梯度在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾-美国西海岸最大的河口。与AOA在陆地和海洋系统中远比β-AOB丰富的报道相反，我们的定量PCR估计表明，在大多数河口，β-AOB amoA（编码氨单加氧酶亚基A）拷贝数大于AOA amoA。氨氧化古菌只是比β-氨氧化细菌在河口的低盐度地区更普遍。AOA和β-AOB群落在河口内均表现出明显的空间结构。来自河口北部的AOA amoA序列形成了一个大而独特的低盐度系统发育群。大多数β-AOB序列与其他海洋/河口亚硝化单胞菌样和亚硝化螺旋菌样序列密切相关。氨氧化剂社区的组成和丰度与盐度有很强的相关性。氨氧化富集培养物含有AOA和β-AOB amoA序列，与环境序列具有高度相似性。总的来说，这项研究显着提高了我们的理解河口氨氧化微生物群落，并强调了环境条件和生态位下，不同的AOA和β-AOB的微生物类型可能茁壮成长。
Ammonia oxidation in marine and estuarine sediments plays a pivotal role in the cycling and removal of nitrogen. Recent reports have shown that the newly discovered ammonia-oxidizing archaea can be both abundant and diverse in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we examined the abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and betaproteobacteria (beta-AOB) across physicochemical gradients in San Francisco Bay - the largest estuary on the west coast of the USA. In contrast to reports that AOA are far more abundant than beta-AOB in both terrestrial and marine systems, our quantitative PCR estimates indicated that beta-AOB amoA (encoding ammonia monooxygenase subunit A) copy numbers were greater than AOA amoA in most of the estuary. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea were only more pervasive than beta-AOB in the low-salinity region of the estuary. Both AOA and beta-AOB communities exhibited distinct spatial structure within the estuary. AOA amoA sequences from the north part of the estuary formed a large and distinct low-salinity phylogenetic group. The majority of the beta-AOB sequences were closely related to other marine/estuarine Nitrosomonas-like and Nitrosospira-like sequences. Both ammonia-oxidizer community composition and abundance were strongly correlated with salinity. Ammonia-oxidizing enrichment cultures contained AOA and beta-AOB amoA sequences with high similarity to environmental sequences. Overall, this study significantly enhances our understanding of estuarine ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities and highlights the environmental conditions and niches under which different AOA and beta-AOB phylotypes may thrive.