APOLIPOPROTEIN-E - CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT PROTEIN WITH EXPANDING ROLE IN CELL BIOLOGY
APOLIPOPROTEIN-E - CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT PROTEIN WITH EXPANDING ROLE IN CELL BIOLOGY
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DOI：
10.1126/science.3283935
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发表时间：
1988-04-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
MAHLEY, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MAHLEY, RW
载脂蛋白E是一种血浆蛋白，其作为低密度脂蛋白受体的配体，并通过其与这些受体的相互作用，参与胆固醇和其他脂质在身体各种细胞之间的转运。与低密度脂蛋白受体结合缺陷的载脂蛋白E的突变形式与家族性III型高脂蛋白血症相关，这是一种以血浆胆固醇水平升高和加速冠状动脉疾病为特征的遗传性疾病。载脂蛋白E在各种器官中合成，包括肝、脑、脾和肾，并且以高浓度存在于间质液中，在间质液中它似乎参与胆固醇从具有过量胆固醇的细胞向需要胆固醇的细胞的再分配。载脂蛋白E似乎也参与组织损伤的修复反应;例如，在外周神经损伤和再生部位发现载脂蛋白E的量显著增加。载脂蛋白E的其他功能，无关的脂质运输，正在成为已知的，包括免疫调节和细胞生长和分化的调制。
Apolipoprotein E is a plasma protein that serves as a ligand for low density lipoprotein receptors and, through its interaction with these receptors, participates in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids among various cells of the body. A mutant form of apolipoprotein E that is defective in binding to low density lipoprotein receptors is associated with familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia, a genetic disorder characterized by elevated plasma cholesterol levels and accelerated coronary artery disease. Apolipoprotein E is synthesized in various organs, including liver, brain, spleen, and kidney, and is present in high concentrations in interstitial fluid, where it appears to participate in cholesterol redistribution from cells with excess cholesterol to those requiring cholesterol. Apolipoprotein E also appears to be involved in the repair response to tissue injury; for example, markedly increased amounts of apolipoprotein E are found at sites of peripheral nerve injury and regeneration. Other functions of apolipoprotein E, unrelated to lipid transport, are becoming known, including immunoregulation and modulation of cell growth and differentiation.