Where is "policy" in dissemination and implementation science? Recommendations to advance theories, models, and frameworks: EPIS as a case example.
Where is "policy" in dissemination and implementation science? Recommendations to advance theories, models, and frameworks: EPIS as a case example.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13012-022-01256-x
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发表时间：
2022-12-12
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Aarons, Gregory A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crable, Erika L.;Lengnick-Hall, Rebecca;Stadnick, Nicole A.;Moullin, Joanna C.;Aarons, Gregory A.
实施科学旨在加速循证干预措施对公共卫生的影响。然而，实施科学在实施和维持循证医疗保健方面对卫生政策的作用-及其不可分割的政治，政体结构和政策制定者-关注太少。政策可以作为决定因素，实施战略，要实施的证据为基础的“东西”，或在因果路径的另一个变量，以医疗保健的获取，质量和病人的结果。需要开展研究，说明政策在传播和实施工作中的作用，以解决在以下方面持续存在的知识差距：决策者的证据使用、如何实施和维持循证政策，以及取消无效或造成伤害的政策的方法。很少有D&I理论、模型或框架明确地指导研究人员在何处、如何以及何时对政策进行实证研究。我们进行了范围界定审查，以确定现有的勘探，准备，实施和维持（EPIS）框架指导的政策D&I研究的差距，并对审查结果进行了反思。我们认为，研究人员应该优化现有的政策，而不是创造新的政策，以研究政策在D&I中的作用。我们描述了六个建议，以帮助研究人员优化现有的D&I。建议被应用于EPIS，作为推进TMF政策D&I的一个例子。(1)指定政策功能的维度（政策目标、类型、背景、资本交换）。(2)具体说明政策形式的各个方面（起源、结构、动态、结果）。(3)识别和定义政策D&I在外部和内部环境中的非线性阶段。(4)描述利益相关者在政策D&I中随着时间的推移所扮演的临时角色。(5)考虑与政策相关的外部和内部环境适应。(6)确定和描述政策D&I成功所需的桥接因素。研究人员应使用数据库有意义地概念化政策在D&I工作中的作用，以加速循证政策或做法对公共卫生的影响，并取消无效和有害的政策。将这六个建议应用于现有的D&I模型，可以推进现有的理论知识，特别是EPIS应用，而不是引入新的模型。使用这些建议将敏感的研究人员，以帮助他们调查的多方面的作用，政策可以发挥因果关系的途径，导致D&I的成功。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s13012-022-01256-x获得。
Implementation science aims to accelerate the public health impact of evidence-based interventions. However, implementation science has had too little focus on the role of health policy — and its inseparable politics, polity structures, and policymakers — in the implementation and sustainment of evidence-based healthcare. Policies can serve as determinants, implementation strategies, the evidence-based “thing” to be implemented, or another variable in the causal pathway to healthcare access, quality, and patient outcomes. Research describing the roles of policy in dissemination and implementation (D&I) efforts is needed to resolve persistent knowledge gaps about policymakers’ evidence use, how evidence-based policies are implemented and sustained, and methods to de-implement policies that are ineffective or cause harm. Few D&I theories, models, or frameworks (TMF) explicitly guide researchers in conceptualizing where, how, and when policy should be empirically investigated. We conducted and reflected on the results of a scoping review to identify gaps of existing Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) framework-guided policy D&I studies. We argue that rather than creating new TMF, researchers should optimize existing TMF to examine policy’s role in D&I. We describe six recommendations to help researchers optimize existing D&I TMF. Recommendations are applied to EPIS, as one example for advancing TMF for policy D&I. (1) Specify dimensions of a policy’s function (policy goals, type, contexts, capital exchanged). (2) Specify dimensions of a policy’s form (origin, structure, dynamism, outcomes). (3) Identify and define the nonlinear phases of policy D&I across outer and inner contexts. (4) Describe the temporal roles that stakeholders play in policy D&I over time. (5) Consider policy-relevant outer and inner context adaptations. (6) Identify and describe bridging factors necessary for policy D&I success. Researchers should use TMF to meaningfully conceptualize policy’s role in D&I efforts to accelerate the public health impact of evidence-based policies or practices and de-implement ineffective and harmful policies. Applying these six recommendations to existing D&I TMF advances existing theoretical knowledge, especially EPIS application, rather than introducing new models. Using these recommendations will sensitize researchers to help them investigate the multifaceted roles policy can play within a causal pathway leading to D&I success. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13012-022-01256-x.
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影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Damschroder, Laura J.;Reardon, Caitlin M.;Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra;Lowery, Julie
通讯作者：
Lowery, Julie
DOI：
10.1186/1748-5908-4-50
发表时间：
2009-08-07
期刊：
Implementation science : IS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Damschroder LJ;Aron DC;Keith RE;Kirsh SR;Alexander JA;Lowery JC
通讯作者：
Lowery JC
DOI：
10.1186/s13012-021-01097-0
发表时间：
2021-03-19
期刊：
Implementation science : IS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Brownson RC;Kumanyika SK;Kreuter MW;Haire-Joshu D
通讯作者：
Haire-Joshu D
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Becan, Jennifer E;Bartkowski, John P;Aarons, Gregory A
通讯作者：
Aarons, Gregory A
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Bernier, Nicole F.;Clavier, Carole
通讯作者：
Clavier, Carole