Sustainable iron-rich cements: Raw material sources and binder types
Sustainable iron-rich cements: Raw material sources and binder types
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106834
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发表时间：
2022-05-13
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Hanein, Theodore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peys, Arne;Isteri, Visa;Hanein, Theodore
水泥工业的大部分环境负担来自钙质来源。钙主要以石灰石（CaCO 3）的形式自然存在，其中几乎一半的质量最终在熟料制造过程中以CO2的形式释放。铁（Fe）是地壳中第四大常见元素，仅次于氧、硅和铝;因此，替代水泥的潜在原材料可能含有大量的铁。本文详细讨论了最丰富的富铁自然资源和工业副产品和残留物，建立了来自各个部门的共生供应链。然后，讨论集中在熟料中的高铁含量和铁素体（热）化学的影响，以及铁形态的重要性，其参与的反应作为补充胶凝材料或碱激活材料，和技术质量，可以实现从可持续的富铁水泥。
The bulk of the cement industry's environmental burden is from the calcareous source. Calcium is mostly available naturally as limestone (CaCO3), where almost half of the mass is eventually released as CO2 during clinker manufacture. Iron (Fe) is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust surpassed only by oxygen, silicon, and aluminium; therefore, potential raw materials for alternative cements can contain significant amounts of iron. This review paper discusses in detail the most abundantly available Fe-rich natural resources and industrial by-products and residues, establishing symbiotic supply chains from various sectors. The discussion then focusses on the impact of high iron content in clinker and on ferrite (thermo)chemistry, as well as the importance of iron speciation on its involvement in the reactions as supplementary cementitious material or alkali-activated materials, and the technical quality that can be achieved from sustainable Fe-rich cements.