Spontaneous.shift in encoding dimensions among elderly subjects.
Spontaneous.shift in encoding dimensions among elderly subjects.
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老年受试者编码维度的自发转变。
DOI：
10.1093/geronj/32.1.68
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. L. Mistler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. L. Mistler
Wickens的“从前摄抑制中释放”任务涉及呈现一种类型的几个三元组（例如，数字）进行几次试验，然后转换到另一种类型（例如，字母）。记忆力通常会在最初的几次试验中下降，并在“转换”试验中恢复。恢复可以被认为是暗示移位的维度可以作为编码的辅助手段。大学生，老年社区居民，老年疗养院居民进行了比较Wickens任务在两个实验。大学生在整体记忆力方面具有上级优势。年轻受试者和社区居民的轮班试验恢复情况相当。休息之家居民证明恢复不足，以抵消增加的记忆负荷从一个额外的项目三重。养老院居民可能缺乏或失去其他群体可用的编码维度，但这并不是年龄的必然伴随。
The Wickens “release from proactive inhibition” task involves presenting several trigrams of one type (e.g., digits) for several trials and then shifting to another type (e.g., letters). Memory commonly declines over the first several trials and recovers on the “shift” trial. Recovery can be taken to imply that the dimension of shift is available as an encoding aid. College students, elderly community residents, and elderly rest-home residents were compared on the Wickens task in two experiments. College students were superior in over-all memory. Recovery on shift trials was comparable for young subjects and community residents. Rest-home residents evidenced insufficient recovery to offset increased memory load from an additional item triplet. Rest-home residents may lack or lose access to encoding dimensions available to the other groups, but this is not an inevitable concomitant of age.