Major depressive episode among university students in Southern Brazil
Major depressive episode among university students in Southern Brazil
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DOI：
10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001540
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flesch, Betina Daniele;Houvèssou, Gbènankpon Mathias;Fassa, Anaclaudia Gastal
引言：抑郁症是世界各地残疾的主要原因，它越来越多地影响年轻人。本研究评估的患病率和相关因素与抑郁症的大学生，重点是学术领域的影响，选择的研究领域和环境，他们inserted.METHODS：在巴西南部的一所大学举行了一次人口普查的学生谁进入大学在2017年的第一学期。使用患者健康问卷-9评估重度抑郁发作的结果，当个体至少一周内有五种或五种以上抑郁症状时考虑。采用Poisson回归模型进行分层多因素分析，估计其患病率，并对相关因素进行分析。（95%置信区间29.9-34.2）大学生出现重度抑郁发作，且该问题在女性中更常见（患病率[PR] = 1.59）; 21至23岁人群（PR = 1.24）;有抑郁症家族史者（PR = 1.27）;少数民族的性取向（同性恋者，PR = 1.64，双性恋者，PR = 1.69）;与朋友或同事住在一起（PR = 1.36）;应用社会和人文科学领域的学生（PR = 1.28），以及语言学、语言文学和艺术领域的学生（PR = 1.25）。学习成绩最差（PR = 2.61），酗酒（PR = 1.25）和非法药物使用（PR = 1.30）与抑郁发作呈正相关。除了个人、家庭和行为方面，已经被描述为一般人群中重度抑郁发作的风险因素，学业方面也影响大学生抑郁症的发生。鉴于重性抑郁症的高患病率及其对健康的负面影响，公共和机构政策有必要关注学生的心理健康促进和护理。
INTRODUCTION: Depression is the leading cause of disability around the world, and it has been increasingly affecting young people. This study evaluates the prevalence and factors associated with major depression in university students, with emphasis on the influence of the academic field, chosen study area and the environment they are inserted.METHODS: A census of students who entered the university in the first semester of 2017 was held at a university in Southern Brazil. The outcome of major depressive episode was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, considered when the individual had five or more depressive symptoms for at least one week. Its prevalence was estimated, and the associated factors were examined by the hierarchical multivariable analysis using the Poisson regression model.RESULTS: A total of 32% (95% confidence interval 29.9-34.2) of university students presented a major depressive episode, and the problem was more frequent among women (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.59); people aged 21 to 23 years (PR = 1.24); those with a family history of depression (PR = 1.27); minorities' sexual orientation (homosexuals, PR = 1.64, and bisexuals, PR = 1.69); who lived with friends or colleagues (PR = 1.36); students in the area of applied social and human sciences (PR = 1.28), and linguistics, language and literature, and art (PR = 1.25). The worst academic performance (PR = 2.61), alcohol abuse (PR = 1.25), and illicit drug use (PR = 1.30) were also positively associated with major depressive episode.CONCLUSION: In addition to individual, family, and behavioral aspects, already described as risk factors for major depressive episodes in the general population, academic aspects also influence the occurrence of depression among university students. Considering the high prevalence of major depressive episode and its negative impact on health, public and institutional policies are necessary to focus on students' mental health promotion and care.