Evaluating the voiding spot assay in mice: a simple method with complex environmental interactions
Evaluating the voiding spot assay in mice: a simple method with complex environmental interactions
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DOI：
10.1152/ajprenal.00318.2017
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Yu, Weiqun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Huan;Zhang, Lanlan;Yu, Weiqun
滤纸上的排尿点测定（VSA）是研究小鼠下尿路生理学的一种日益流行的方法。然而，VSA 的执行方式在实验室之间存在显着差异，并且与小鼠的正常饲养情况相比引入了许多变量。啮齿类动物是聪明的群居动物，人们越来越认识到社会和环境压力对其生理机能有重大影响。令人惊讶的是，关于 VSA 期间环境的变化是否会影响小鼠排尿以及保持“自然”排尿模式的最佳方法是什么，人们知之甚少。众所周知，当啮齿类动物遇到压力时，与压力相关的神经肽促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子显着升高并引起剧烈的排尿变化。因此，我们假设环境情况的变化可能会改变 VSA 期间的排尿。我们检查了多种因素，以测试它们是否影响 VSA 期间雌性小鼠的排尿模式，包括笼子类型、笼子地板、水可用性、水瓶位置、单个或群体饲养以及不同的处理者。我们的结果表明，小鼠对笼子类型和地板表面、水瓶位置以及单个/群体饲养的变化非常敏感，每种变化都会引起排尿模式的显着变化，表明应激反应。相比之下，更换处理者或 4 小时禁水均不会影响排尿模式。我们的数据表明，VSA 应在尽可能接近小鼠正常外壳的条件下进行。优化 VSA 方法将有助于揭示下泌尿功能障碍的遗传和疾病模型中的排尿改变。
The voiding spot assay (VSA) on filter paper is an increasingly popular method for studying lower urinary tract physiology in mice. However, the ways VSAs are performed differ significantly between laboratories, and many variables are introduced compared with the mouse's normal housing situation. Rodents are intelligent social animals, and it is increasingly understood that social and environmental stresses have significant effects on their physiology. Surprisingly, little is known about whether change of environment during VSA affects mouse voiding and what the best methodologies are for retaining "natural" micturition patterns. It is well known that stress-related neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor is significantly elevated and induces dramatic voiding changes when rodents encounter stresses. Therefore we hypothesized that changes in the environmental situation could potentially alter voiding during VSA. We have examined multiple factors to test whether they affect female mouse voiding patterns during VSA, including cage type, cage floor, water availability, water bottle location, single or group housing, and different handlers. Our results indicate that mice are surprisingly sensitive to changes in cage type and floor surface, water bottle location, and single/group housing, each of which induces significant changes in voiding patterns, indicative of a stress response. In contrast, neither changing handler nor 4 h of water deprivation affected voiding patterns. Our data indicate that VSA should be performed under conditions as close as possible to the mouse's normal housing. Optimizing VSA methodology will be useful in uncovering voiding alterations in both genetic and disease models of lower urinary dysfunctions.