The importance of plant genotype and contemporary evolution for terrestrial ecosystem processes.
The importance of plant genotype and contemporary evolution for terrestrial ecosystem processes.
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植物基因型和当代进化对陆地生态系统过程的重要性。
DOI：
10.1890/14-2333.1
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Marc T. J. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connor R. Fitzpatrick;A. Agrawal;N. Basiliko;A. Hastings;M. Isaac;Michael D. Preston;Marc T. J. Johnson
植物的遗传变异和进化动力学被预测会影响生态系统的过程，但人们对这些影响知之甚少。在这里，我们验证了这样一个假设，即植物基因型和当代进化影响通过土壤的能量和养分的流动，然后反馈影响后代的苗木表现。我们利用当地的两年生植物月见草进行了多年的田间进化实验。这项实验与实验分析相结合，以验证我们的假设，并量化进化和生态因素对多种生态系统过程的相对重要性。植物基因型、当代进化、空间变异和食草性影响生态系统过程(例如，叶片腐烂、土壤呼吸、苗木表现、N循环)，但它们的相对重要性因具体的生态系统变量而异。昆虫的食性和进化也对影响下一代美洲斑潜蝇幼苗生物量的反馈起到了作用。我们的结果表明，植物基因型之间的可遗传变异可能是影响当地生态系统过程的一个重要因素，尽管当代进化的影响是可以检测到的，有时甚至是强烈的，但它们往往取决于其他生态因素。
Plant genetic variation and evolutionary dynamics are predicted to impact ecosystem processes but these effects are poorly understood. Here we test the hypothesis that plant genotype and contemporary evolution influence the flux of energy and nutrients through soil, which then feedback to affect seedling performance in subsequent generations. We conducted a multiyear field evolution experiment using the native biennial plant Oenothera biennis. This experiment was coupled with experimental assays to address our hypothesis and quantify the relative importance of evolutionary and ecological factors on multiple ecosystem processes. Plant genotype, contemporary evolution, spatial variation, and herbivory affected ecosystem processes (e.g., leaf decay, soil respiration, seedling performance, N cycling), but their relative importance varied between specific ecosystem variables. Insect herbivory and evolution also contributed to a feedback that affected seedling biomass of O. biennis in the next generation. Our results show that heritable variation among plant genotypes can be an important factor affecting local ecosystem processes, and while effects of contemporary evolution were detectable and sometimes strong, they were often contingent on other ecological, factors.