Histology and Ultrastructure of Incompatible Combination Between Puccinia striiformis and Wheat Cultivars with Resistance of Low Reaction Type
Histology and Ultrastructure of Incompatible Combination Between Puccinia striiformis and Wheat Cultivars with Resistance of Low Reaction Type
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发表时间：
2003
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通讯作者：
Zhao Jie
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作者：
Zhao Jie
利用荧光显微镜、微分干涉显微镜和电子显微镜技术，对小麦条锈菌小种与低反应型抗病品种的不亲和组合进行了研究。不亲和组合为牛猪特+中长28、杂交种46+中长29和天选882+中长29，亲和组合为辉县红+中长28。结果表明，感病小麦品种和抗病小麦品种在病原菌侵染后的真菌发育和寄主反应上存在显著差异。病原菌在抗病小麦品种中发育的主要组织学表现是菌丝生长受到抑制，菌丝分枝和菌落形成延迟，吸器母细胞和吸器形成减少，寄主细胞坏死。电镜观察表明，抗病小麦品种在病原菌发育过程中，胞间菌丝、吸器母细胞和吸器等发生了一系列异常变化。细胞质变得更加电子致密，细胞质中的空泡数量和大小增加。菌丝、吸器母细胞壁不规则增厚。细胞器在细胞质中分布紊乱，吸器母细胞和吸器丧失了生理功能。在病原菌发育的最后阶段，胞间菌丝、吸器母细胞和吸器坏死、塌陷。抗病小麦叶片的细胞壁贴壁形成、突起、吸器包被等结构防御反应明显强于感病小麦。此外，本文还讨论了不亲和组合中寄主抗性表达与组织学和细胞学特征的关系。
The incompatible combinations between races of Puccinia striiformis and wheat cultivars with resistance of low reaction type was examined by means of fluorescent microscopy, differential interference contrast microscopy, and electron microscopy. The incompatible combinations consisted of wheat cultivar Niuzhute plus CY28, Hybrid46 plus CY29 and Tianxuan882 plus CY29, while the compatible combination was wheat cultivar Huixianhong plus CY28. The observation revealed a striking difference in the fungal development and the host responses between susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars following infection by the pathogen. The main histological manifestation of the pathogen development in the resistant wheat cultivars include inhibition of hyphal growth, delay of hyphal branching and colony formation, decrease of formation of haustorial mother cells and haustoria, and occurrence of host cell necrosis. The observation by electron microscopy demonstrated that a series of abnormal changes occurred in intercellular hyphae, haustorial mother cells and haustoria during pathogen development in the resistant wheat cultivars. The cytoplasm became more electron-dense and vacuoles in the cytoplasm increased in number and in size. The cell walls of hyphae, haustorial mother cells were thickened irregularly. The organelles were distributed disorderly in the cytoplasm and the haustorial mother cells and haustoria lost their physiological function. In the final stage of the pathogen development, the intercellular hyphae, haustorial mother cells and haustoria became necrotic and collapsed. The structural defense reactions such as formation of cell wall apposition, collar, andencasement of haustorium were essentially more pronounced in the infected wheat leaves of the resistant cultivars than in the susceptible one. In addition, the relationship between the host resistance express and the histological and cytological features occurred in the incompatible combination was discussed in this paper.