Social Class, Sense of Control, and Social Explanation
Social Class, Sense of Control, and Social Explanation
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DOI：
10.1037/a0016357
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Keltner, Dacher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kraus, Michael W.;Piff, Paul K.;Keltner, Dacher
较低的社会阶层与减少的资源和感知的下属等级有关。在此分析的基础上，作者预测，社会阶层将与个人控制感的降低密切相关，这种关联将解释为什么下层社会的人更喜欢对社会事件的背景而不是性格的解释。在4项研究中，以主观社会经济地位（SES）衡量的较低社会阶层的个人赞同对经济趋势、广泛的社会结果和情感的背景解释。跨研究，控制感介导的主观SES和上下文解释之间的关系，这种关联是独立的客观SES。种族、政治意识形态和自私的偏见。最后，实验诱导更高的控制感减弱了主观SES较低的个体做出更多上下文解释的倾向（研究4）。未来的研究社会阶层以及客观SES和主观SES之间的理论区别的影响进行了讨论。
Lower social class is associated with diminished resources and perceived subordinate rank. On the basis of this analysis, the authors predicted that social class would be closely associated with a reduced sense of personal control and that this association would explain why lower class individuals favor contextual over dispositional explanations of social events. Across 4 studies, lower social class individuals, as measured by subjective socioeconomic status (SES), endorsed contextual explanations of economic trends, broad social outcomes, and emotion. Across studies, the sense of control mediated the relation between subjective SES and contextual explanations, and this association was independent of objective SES. ethnicity, political ideology, and self-serving biases. Finally, experimentally inducing a higher sense of control attenuated the tendency for lower subjective SES individuals to make more contextual explanations (Study 4). Implications for future research on social class as well as theoretical distinctions between objective SES and subjective SES are discussed.