Land Surface Air Temperature Variations Across the Globe Updated to 2019: The CRUTEM5 Data Set
Land Surface Air Temperature Variations Across the Globe Updated to 2019: The CRUTEM5 Data Set
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DOI：
10.1029/2019jd032352
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Osborn;P. Jones;D. Lister;C. Morice;I. Simpson;J. P. Winn;E. Hogan;Ian Harris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Osborn;P. Jones;D. Lister;C. Morice;I. Simpson;J. P. Winn;E. Hogan;Ian Harris
气候研究单位温度版本 5 (CRUTEM5) 是对我们的陆地表面空气温度数据集的广泛修订。我们将月温度记录的基础编制从 5,583 个站点扩大到 10,639 个站点，其中有足够数据可用于网格数据集的站点已从 4,842 个增加到 7,983 个。许多台站记录也已被国家气象和水文部门同质化的系列扩展或取代。我们改进了对这些数据中潜在异常值的识别，以更好地捕获参考期内的异常值；避免将一些真实的区域极端温度归类为异常值；并减少气候变暖引起的异常计数趋势。由于这些更新，网格数据集显示了站点密度的一些区域增加和温度异常的区域变化。尽管如此，全球平均陆地气温时间序列与之前的版本相比仅略有修改，之前的结论没有改变。标准网格化算法和综合误差模型与之前的版本相同，但我们探索了一种替代网格化算法，可以消除高纬度站点的代表性不足。在整个记录过程中，替代网格使估计的全球平均土地变暖增加了约 0.1°C。使用标准网格，从 1861 年到 1900 年到过去 5 年的平均值的升温为 1.6°C（近年来个别年平均值误差的 95% 置信区间为 -0.11 至 +0.10°C），而替代网格给出的变化为 1.7°C。
Climatic Research Unit temperature version 5 (CRUTEM5) is an extensive revision of our land surface air temperature data set. We have expanded the underlying compilation of monthly temperature records from 5,583 to 10,639 stations, of which those with sufficient data to be used in the gridded data set has grown from 4,842 to 7,983. Many station records have also been extended or replaced by series that have been homogenized by national meteorological and hydrological services. We have improved the identification of potential outliers in these data to better capture outliers during the reference period; to avoid classifying some real regional temperature extremes as outliers; and to reduce trends in outlier counts arising from climatic warming. Due to these updates, the gridded data set shows some regional increases in station density and regional changes in temperature anomalies. Nonetheless, the global‐mean timeseries of land air temperature is only slightly modified compared with previous versions and previous conclusions are not altered. The standard gridding algorithm and comprehensive error model are the same as for the previous version, but we have explored an alternative gridding algorithm that removes the under‐representation of high latitude stations. The alternative gridding increases estimated global‐mean land warming by about 0.1°C over the course of the whole record. The warming from 1861–1900 to the mean of the last 5 years is 1.6°C using the standard gridding (with a 95% confidence interval for errors on individual annual means of −0.11 to +0.10°C in recent years), while the alternative gridding gives a change of 1.7°C.