Motion Analysis of Balance Pre and Post Sensorimotor Exercises to Enhance Elderly Mobility: A Case Study
Motion Analysis of Balance Pre and Post Sensorimotor Exercises to Enhance Elderly Mobility: A Case Study
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DOI：
10.3390/app13020889
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ji Chen;Roni Romero;Lara A. Thompson
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文献类型：
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作者：
Ji Chen;Roni Romero;Lara A. Thompson
使用运动捕捉的运动定量评估提供了对移动性的见解，这在临床评价中并不明显。在这里，在健康或患有中风的老年人中，我们的目的是调查他们在身体运动学和肌肉活动方面的平衡变化。我们的研究问题涉及确定感觉运动训练后与感觉运动训练前对保持或改善平衡的影响。我们的研究假设是，训练将通过增加关节角度和下肢伸肌活动以及中风和老年人的时空测量来改善步态和平衡。本文描述了一种基于运动捕捉的评估协议，以评估关节角度和时空参数（节奏，步长和步行速度），以及主要的伸肌和屈肌肌肉活动。我们还对一名健康的老年参与者（男性，年龄，65岁）和一名患有慢性中风的老年参与者（女性，年龄，55岁）进行了一项病例研究。两名参与者都沿着矩形路径沿着执行步行任务，其中包括向前并列行走、右侧踏步、向后并列行走、左侧踏步到达起始位置。对于中风参与者，训练将任务完成时间提高了19秒。她受损的左腿在向前行走时步长（0.197 m）和节奏（10步/分钟）有所改善，在向后行走时节奏（12步/分钟）有所改善。未受损的右腿在向前（15步/分钟）和向后（27步/分钟）行走时的节奏有所改善。关节活动度（ROM）在大多数情况下没有改变。然而，在向后行走期间，左腿侧髋关节的ROM显著增加5.8度（p = 0.019），而右腿侧髋关节和膝关节的ROM显著增加4.1度（p = 0.046）和8.1度（p = 0.007）。对于健康参与者，在左侧踏步期间，仅发现其右膝关节ROM增加了4.2度（p = 0.031），左踝关节ROM增加了5.5度（p = 0.006）。
Quantitative assessment of movement using motion capture provides insights on mobility which are not evident from clinical evaluation. Here, in older individuals that were healthy or had suffered a stroke, we aimed to investigate their balance in terms of changes in body kinematics and muscle activity. Our research question involved determining the effects on post- compared to pre-sensorimotor training exercises on maintaining or improving balance. Our research hypothesis was that training would improve the gait and balance by increasing joint angles and extensor muscle activities in lower extremities and spatiotemporal measures of stroke and elderly people. This manuscript describes a motion capture-based evaluation protocol to assess joint angles and spatiotemporal parameters (cadence, step length and walking speed), as well as major extensor and flexor muscle activities. We also conducted a case study on a healthy older participant (male, age, 65) and an older participant with chronic stroke (female, age, 55). Both participants performed a walking task along a path with a rectangular shape which included tandem walking forward, right side stepping, tandem walking backward, left side stepping to the starting location. For the stroke participant, the training improved the task completion time by 19 s. Her impaired left leg had improved step length (by 0.197 m) and cadence (by 10 steps/min) when walking forward, and cadence (by 12 steps/min) when walking backward. The non-impaired right leg improved cadence when walking forward (by 15 steps/min) and backward (by 27 steps/min). The joint range of motion (ROM) did not change in most cases. However, the ROM of the hip joint increased significantly by 5.8 degrees (p = 0.019) on the left leg side whereas the ROMs of hip joint and knee joint increased significantly by 4.1 degrees (p = 0.046) and 8.1 degrees (p = 0.007) on the right leg side during backward walking. For the healthy participant, the significant changes were only found in his right knee joint ROM having increased by 4.2 degrees (p = 0.031) and in his left ankle joint ROM having increased by 5.5 degrees (p = 0.006) during the left side stepping.