Superconductor bearings, flywheels and transportation
Superconductor bearings, flywheels and transportation
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DOI：
10.1088/0953-2048/25/1/014007
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Schirrmeister, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Werfel, F. N.;Floegel-Delor, U.;Schirrmeister, P.
本文介绍了高温超导体（HTS）和大块超导磁体器件的现状，以及它们在轴承、飞轮储能系统（FESS）和线性运输磁悬浮系统（Maglev）中的应用。我们报告并回顾了多籽晶REBCO大块超导体制造的概念。在大规模应用中，与单颗粒组装相比，多颗粒块体的平均捕获磁通密度增加了40%。高温超导磁轴承与永磁体（PM）励磁进行了研究，并按比例放大到10 kN轴向和4.5 kN径向的最大力。我们研究了高梯度磁轴承概念的技术，并通过实验进行了验证。一个大型高温超导轴承进行了测试，以稳定一个5 kWh/250 kW飞轮系统的600公斤转子。飞轮转子测试表明需要额外的阻尼。我们的紧凑型飞轮系统与类似的高温超导FESS项目进行了比较。一个小型紧凑型YBCO轴承与原位斯特林制冷机的构造和研究的移动的应用。接下来，我们展示了一个成功开发的模块化线性磁悬浮系统的磁列车运行。每个模块在一天的运行期间在10 mm的距离处悬浮0.25 t，而无需重新填充LN 2。制造了30多个含有多籽晶YBCO块的真空低温恒温器，目前正在德国、中国和巴西进行测试。
This paper describes the present status of high temperature superconductors (HTS) and of bulk superconducting magnet devices, their use in bearings, in flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) and linear transport magnetic levitation (Maglev) systems. We report and review the concepts of multi-seeded REBCO bulk superconductor fabrication. The multi-grain bulks increase the averaged trapped magnetic flux density up to 40% compared to single-grain assembly in large-scale applications. HTS magnetic bearings with permanent magnet (PM) excitation were studied and scaled up to maximum forces of 10 kN axially and 4.5 kN radially. We examine the technology of the high-gradient magnetic bearing concept and verify it experimentally. A large HTS bearing is tested for stabilizing a 600 kg rotor of a 5 kWh/250 kW flywheel system. The flywheel rotor tests show the requirement for additional damping. Our compact flywheel system is compared with similar HTS-FESS projects. A small-scale compact YBCO bearing with in situ Stirling cryocooler is constructed and investigated for mobile applications. Next we show a successfully developed modular linear Maglev system for magnetic train operation. Each module levitates 0.25t at 10 mm distance during one-day operation without refilling LN2. More than 30 vacuum cryostats containing multi-seeded YBCO blocks are fabricated and are tested now in Germany, China and Brazil.