Effects of polyploidy on photosynthetic properties and anatomy in leaves of Phlox drummondii.
Effects of polyploidy on photosynthetic properties and anatomy in leaves of Phlox drummondii.
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DOI：
10.1071/fp07020
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发表时间：
2007-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Vyas;M. S. Bisht;Shin-Ichi Miyazawa;S. Yano;K. Noguchi;I. Terashima;Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Vyas;M. S. Bisht;Shin-Ichi Miyazawa;S. Yano;K. Noguchi;I. Terashima;Sachiko Funayama-Noguchi
多倍体通过引起形态、解剖和生物化学的变化来影响光合作用。然而，在新发育的多倍体中，基因组可能不稳定。本研究以双倍体（2倍体）和人工合成的同源四倍体为材料，研究了双倍体染色体加倍和基因组稳定对扇门夹板叶片光合作用和解剖特性的影响。在360µmol CO2 mol-1空气（A360）条件下，以叶面积为单位的光饱和光合速率4×-C11叶片最高，4×-C0叶片居中，2x叶片最低。在PPFD为1000µmol m-2 s-1的1200µmol CO2 mol-1空气条件下，Rubisco含量、CO2饱和光合速率（A1200，代表RuBP再生能力）、叶绿体面向细胞间隙的累积表面积（Sc）均以叶面积表示，4×叶片的Rubisco含量均高于2×叶片，而在360µmol CO2 mol-1空气条件下，4×-C11叶片的气孔导度（gs）仅高于4×-C11叶片。尽管Rubisco含量相似，但4×-C11叶片的A360大于4×-C0叶片。这可能与更大的RuBP再生能力以及Sc和gs的增加有关，这将增加Rubisco的CO2浓度。这些结果表明4×-C11叶片较高的光合速率不是染色体加倍的直接结果；相反，这是由于基因组稳定过程中的调整和适应。
Polyploidy affects photosynthesis by causing changes in morphology, anatomy and biochemistry. However, in newly developed polyploids, the genome may be unstable. In this study, diploid (2×) and synthetic autotetraploids in initial (4×-C0) and 11th generations (4×-C11) of Phlox drummondii Hook were used to study the effects of chromosome doubling and genome stabilisation on leaf photosynthesis and anatomical properties. The light-saturated photosynthetic rate on a leaf area basis at 360 µmol CO2 mol-1 air (A360) was highest in 4×-C11 leaves, intermediate in 4×-C0 leaves, and lowest in 2× leaves. Rubisco amounts, CO2-saturated photosynthetic rate at 1200 µmol CO2 mol-1 air at PPFD of 1000 µmol m-2 s-1 (A1200, representing the capacity for RuBP regeneration), cumulative surface areas of chloroplasts facing intercellular spaces (Sc), all expressed on a leaf area basis, were all higher in 4× leaves than in 2× leaves, and stomatal conductance (gs) at 360 µmol CO2 mol-1 air was only higher in the 4×-C11 leaves. A360 for the 4×-C11 leaves was greater than that in the 4×-C0 leaves despite having similar amounts of Rubisco. This was presumably associated with a greater RuBP regeneration capacity, as well as an increase in Sc and gs, which would increase the CO2 concentration of Rubisco. These results indicate that the higher rate of photosynthesis in 4×-C11 leaves was not an immediate outcome of chromosome doubling; rather, it was due to adjustment and adaptation during the process of genome stabilisation.