Fatalities associated with the severe weather conditions in the Czech Republic, 2000-2019
Fatalities associated with the severe weather conditions in the Czech Republic, 2000-2019
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DOI：
10.5194/nhess-21-1355-2021
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发表时间：
2021-05-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Dobrovolny, Petr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brazdil, Rudolf;Chroma, Katerina;Dobrovolny, Petr
本文对 2000 年至 2019 年期间捷克共和国天气状况造成的死亡人数进行了分析。部署的死亡数据库包含从主要日报 Pravo 和其互联网版本 Novinky.cz 中提取的信息，并辅以许多其他文献来源。对洪水、风暴、对流风暴、雨、雪、釉冰、霜、热和雾进行分析。对于每一个事件，从年度频率、趋势、年度变化、空间分布、原因、类型、地点和时间以及伤亡人员的性别、年龄和行为等方面调查相关死亡人数。 2000年至2019年研究期间，共有1164人因天气原因死亡，呈现出统计上显着的下降趋势。霜冻（31%）占主导地位，其次是釉冰、雨和雪。死亡人数在一月和十二月最高，四月和九月最低。交通事故造成的死亡（48%）以结构性死亡为主，其次是冷冻或体温过低（30%）。大多数死亡发生在夜间。成人（65%）和男性（72%）占死亡人数的大多数，而间接死亡比直接死亡更常见（55%至45%）。危险行为占76%。根据捷克统计局的数据库，在五组选定的与天气相关的死亡事件中，因暴露于过度自然寒冷而导致的死亡明显占主导地位，并且其数量在2000年至2019年期间呈现出统计上的显着上升。警方关于车辆事故死亡人数的年鉴表明，与致命事故相关的恶劣天气模式的发生频率呈显着下降趋势，其占年度死亡人数的百分比也呈下降趋势。结果的讨论包括数据不确定性、不同数据源的比较以及更广泛的背景问题。
This paper presents an analysis of fatalities attributable to weather conditions in the Czech Republic during the 2000-2019 period. The database of fatalities deployed contains information extracted from Pravo, a leading daily newspaper, and Novinky.cz, its internet equivalent, supplemented by a number of other documentary sources. The analysis is performed for floods, windstorms, convective storms, rain, snow, glaze ice, frost, heat, and fog. For each of them, the associated fatalities are investigated in terms of annual frequencies, trends, annual variation, spatial distribution, cause, type, place, and time as well as the sex, age, and behaviour of casualties. There were 1164 weather-related fatalities during the 2000-2019 study period, exhibiting a statistically significant falling trend. Those attributable to frost (31 %) predominated, followed by glaze ice, rain, and snow. Fatalities were at their maximum in January and December and at their minimum in April and September. Fatalities arising out of vehicle accidents (48 %) predominated in terms of structure, followed by freezing or hypothermia (30 %). Most deaths occurred during the night. Adults (65 %) and males (72 %) accounted for the majority of fatalities, while indirect fatalities were more frequent than direct ones (55% to 45 %). Hazardous behaviour accounted for 76 %. According to the database of the Czech Statistical Office, deaths caused by exposure to excessive natural cold are markedly predominant among five selected groups of weather-related fatalities, and their numbers exhibit a statistically significant rise during 2000-2019. Police yearbooks of the fatalities arising out of vehicle accidents indicate significantly decreasing trends in the frequency of inclement weather patterns associated with fatal accidents as well as a decrease in their percentage in annual numbers of fatalities. The discussion of results includes the problems of data uncertainty, comparison of different data sources, and the broader context.