Aphasia and auditory extinction: Preliminary evidence of binding.
Aphasia and auditory extinction: Preliminary evidence of binding.
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失语症和听觉消失：结合的初步证据。
DOI：
10.1080/02687030444000930
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Shisler,RebeccaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shisler,RebeccaJ
背景：McNeil、Odell 和 Tseng（1991）以及 Murray 及其同事（Murray，2000；Murray、Holland 和 Beeson，1997a、1997b）提出，失语症患者的表现差异可能是由于非语言认知变量造成的，例如注意力（即资源、能力、努力），这些变量影响语言理解和产生。鉴于支持失语症和注意力缺陷之间关系的研究，确定这种注意力崩溃可能对失语症患者的认知过程产生什么影响非常重要。 目的：本研究旨在确定失语症患者是否存在听觉消退，如果存在，这是否是由于结合故障造成的。如果失语症患者存在消退现象，则将进一步支持失语症患者存在听觉注意力困难的观点，因为视觉和听觉研究已将消退归因于注意力崩溃（Baylis, Driver, & Rafal, 1993; Deouell, Bentin, & Soroker, 2000; Deouell & Soroker, 2000）。如果发现结合存在缺陷，则左半球和右半球均出现病变的个体表现出这种现象，这一事实将导致有关注意力和失语症关系的一系列影响。 方法和程序：在 6 名失语症患者（年龄 42-74 岁）和 6 名年龄匹配的受试者中检查了听觉消退，即在双同时刺激 (DSS) 呈现期间无法感知到一种刺激。 健康的成年人。进行了两项不同的实验，系统地改变了由男性和女性说出字母“T”或“O”的声音组成的听觉刺激，以研究识别与位置的结合是否会导致消退。 结果与结果：失语症参与者比对照组犯了更多的遗漏错误（消退），并且在结合条件下与非结合条件下消退明显更大，这表明结合可能在 结论：这些数据提供了初步结果，表明失语症个体存在听觉消退，并且可能是由于识别和定位信息结合在一起的缺陷所致。研究这种现象及其如何影响语言将是未来研究的一个值得努力的方向。此外，对于失语症患者听觉注意力的评估知之甚少。该领域的进一步研究可以为患有听觉注意力和/或结合缺陷并需要言语病理学干预的失语症患者带来理论和功能评估的进步。
Background: McNeil, Odell, and Tseng (1991), and Murray and colleagues (Murray, 2000; Murray, Holland, & Beeson, 1997a, 1997b) have suggested that variability of performance in patients with aphasia may be due to nonlinguistic cognitive variables, such as attention (i.e., resources, capacity, effort), which affect language comprehension and production. Given the research that has supported the relationship between aphasia and attention deficits, it is important to determine what effect this breakdown in attention may have on cognitive processes for individuals with aphasia.Aims: This study aims to determine if auditory extinction is present in individuals with aphasia, and if so, if this is due to a breakdown in binding. If extinction is found for individuals with aphasia, it would further support the notion that auditory attention difficulties are present among individuals with aphasia, since visual and auditory research has attributed extinction to a breakdown in attention (Baylis, Driver, & Rafal, 1993; Deouell, Bentin, & Soroker, 2000; Deouell & Soroker, 2000). If binding is found to be deficient, the fact that individuals with both left and right hemisphere lesions demonstrate this phenomenon would lead to a number of implications regarding the relationship of attention and aphasia.Methods & Procedures: Auditory extinction, in which one stimulus is not perceived during double simultaneous stimulation (DSS) presentation, was examined in six individuals with aphasia (aged 42–74 years) and six age-matched healthy adults. Two different experiments were conducted in which the auditory stimuli, consisting of male and female voices speaking the letters “T” or “O”, were systematically varied to investigate whether binding of identification to location contributes to extinction.Outcomes & Results: Participants with aphasia made more omission errors (extinction) than the control group, and extinction was significantly greater for binding versus nonbinding conditions, suggesting that binding may play a role in extinction for individuals with aphasia.Conclusions: These data provide preliminary results that auditory extinction exists in individuals with aphasia and may be due to deficits in binding together identification and localisation information. Research on this phenomenon and how it influences language would be a worthwhile endeavour for future studies. Moreover, little is known about assessment of auditory attention in patients with aphasia. Further research in this area can lead to advancements in theoretical and functional assessment for individuals with aphasia who have auditory attention and/or binding deficits and require speech-language pathology intervention.