AN ADVANCED TEST OF THEORY OF MIND - UNDERSTANDING OF STORY CHARACTERS THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS BY ABLE AUTISTIC, MENTALLY-HANDICAPPED, AND NORMAL-CHILDREN AND ADULTS
AN ADVANCED TEST OF THEORY OF MIND - UNDERSTANDING OF STORY CHARACTERS THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS BY ABLE AUTISTIC, MENTALLY-HANDICAPPED, AND NORMAL-CHILDREN AND ADULTS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02172093
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发表时间：
1994-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
HAPPE, FGE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAPPE, FGE
研究表明，自闭症的核心障碍是由心理理论（ToM）的特定障碍造成的。然而，这一说法受到了一项发现的挑战，即少数自闭症受试者通过了一阶甚至二阶心理理论测试，但仍然存在社交障碍。在本研究中，能够自闭症主题失败的心理理论任务，那些谁通过了第一阶，和那些谁通过了第二阶任务进行了测试电池更自然和复杂的故事。与正常人和智障者相比，自闭症受试者在为故事人物的非文字话语提供上下文适当的心理状态解释方面受损。故事的表现与标准心理理论任务的表现密切相关，但即使是那些通过了所有心理理论测试的自闭症受试者，相对于正常成人对照组，他们在更自然的故事材料上也表现出障碍。
Research has suggested that the core handicaps of autism result from a specific impairment in theory of mind (ToM). However, this account has been challenged by the finding that a minority of autistic subjects pass lst- and even 2nd-order ToM tests while remaining socially handicapped. In the present study, able autistic subjects who failed ToM tasks, those who passed 1st-order, and those who passed 2nd-order tasks were tested with a battery of more naturalistic and complex stories. Autistic subjects were impaired at providing context-appropriate mental state explanations for the story characters' nonliteral utterances, compared to normal and mentally handicapped controls. Performance on the stories was closely related to performance on standard ToM tasks, but even those autistic subjects who passed all ToM tests showed impairments on the more naturalistic story materials relative to normal adult controls.