The ex post impact of an energy tax on household energy demand
The ex post impact of an energy tax on household energy demand
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.002
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发表时间：
2004-05
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
P. Berkhout;A. Ferrer-i-Carbonell;J. Muskens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Berkhout;A. Ferrer-i-Carbonell;J. Muskens
本文提出了一项计量经济学研究，涉及荷兰的家庭能源需求。本文的主要目的是对1996年荷兰已经实施的能源税的实际影响进行估计。该方法与现有文献的不同之处在于：(1)它使用了引入税收的同一时期的面板数据；(2)它估计了一个控制大量变量的需求函数，如室外温度，房屋类型和房屋隔热，家庭烹饪行为，以及大量的耐用品和电器。该研究的结论是，在短期内，能源税对荷兰的能源消费产生了很小但很重要的影响。具体来说，年平均电力需求减少8%，天然气需求减少4.4%。此外，本文还讨论了价格和收入以外的变量对家庭能源需求的影响。利用这些资料，可以将能源税对家庭能源使用的影响与使用其他政策工具所能实现的能源减少进行比较。
This paper presents an econometric study dealing with household demand for energy in the Netherlands. The main objective of the paper is to present an estimation of the actual impact of an already implemented energy tax introduced in the Netherlands in 1996. The approach differs from the existing literature in that (1) it uses panel data for the same period in which the tax was introduced; and (2) it estimates a demand function that controls for a large set of variables, such as outside temperature, type of house and of house insulation, household cooking behavior, and an extensive number of durable goods and electrical appliances. The study concludes that, in the short term, the energy tax had a small but significant impact on energy consumption in the Netherlands. Concretely, the yearly average demand reduction was of 8% for electricity and 4.4% for gas. Additionally, the influence of variables other than price and income on household energy demand is discussed. Using this information, the impact that the energy tax had on household energy use can be compared with the energy reduction that could have been achieved when using other policy instruments.