Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa
Internalized stigma, discrimination, and depression among men and women living with HIV/AIDS in Cape Town, South Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.01.006
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Mqeketo, Ayanda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simbayi, Leickness C.;Kalichman, Seth;Mqeketo, Ayanda
艾滋病耻辱感会干扰艾滋病的预防、诊断和治疗，并可能被艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者内化。然而，内化的艾滋病污名在非洲的影响尚未得到调查，非洲是世界上4000多万艾滋病患者中三分之二的家园。目前的研究调查了从南非开普敦艾滋病服务中心招募的420名艾滋病毒阳性男性和643名艾滋病毒阳性女性的歧视经历和内化耻辱的流行程度。匿名调查发现，40%的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者因感染艾滋病毒而遭受歧视，五分之一的人因感染艾滋病毒而失去住所或工作。超过三分之一的参与者表示，由于自己的艾滋病毒状况，他们感到肮脏、羞耻或内疚。一个层次回归模型，包括人口特征、健康和治疗状况、社会支持。药物使用和内化污名显著预测认知情感性抑郁。内化的耻辱感在认知情感抑郁得分中占比高于其他变量的4.8%。这些结果表明，迫切需要进行社会改革，以减少艾滋病的污名，并设计干预措施，帮助艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者调整和适应南非艾滋病的社会状况。(c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
AIDS stigmas interfere with HIV prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and can become internalized by people living with HIV/AIDS. However, the effects of internalized AIDS stigmas have not been investigated in Africa, home to twothirds of the more than 40 million people living with AIDS in the world. The current study examined the prevalence of discrimination experiences and internalized stigmas among 420 HIV-positive men and 643 HIV-positive women recruited from AIDS services in Cape Town, South Africa. The anonymous surveys found that 40% of persons with HIV/AIDS had experienced discrimination resulting from having HIV infection and one in five had lost a place to stay or a job because of their HIV status. More than one in three participants indicated feeling dirty, ashamed, or guilty because of their HIV status. A hierarchical regression model that included demographic characteristics, health and treatment status, social support.. substance use, and internalized stigma significantly predicted cognitive-affective depression. Internalized stigma accounted for 4.8% of the variance in cognitive-affective depression scores over and above the other variables. These results indicate an urgent need for social reform to reduce AIDS stigmas and the design of interventions to assist people living with HIV/AIDS to adjust and adapt to the social conditions of AIDS in South Africa. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.