Environmental influences during development and their later consequences for health and disease: implications for the interpretation of empirical studies
Environmental influences during development and their later consequences for health and disease: implications for the interpretation of empirical studies
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2004.3001
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发表时间：
2005-04-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Bateson, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gluckman, PD;Hanson, MA;Bateson, P
早期的经验对大多数生物体都有特别大的影响。正常的发育可能会被早期的环境影响所破坏;幸存下来的个体必须科普破坏性的后果。此外，在生命早期科普环境挑战所需的反应可能对成年生物体产生长期影响。另一组过程，即发育可塑性的过程，可能会诱导出一种表型，这种表型适应于早期生活条件所预测的成年环境。在经济环境和营养状况迅速改善的人类社会中，预测和随后的现实之间的不匹配可能导致严重的健康问题。因此，了解可塑性的潜在机制在临床上很重要。然而，要在这一领域进行研究，发育可塑性必须从破坏和应对的长期不利影响中解脱出来。本文件审查了这些概念，并探讨了在实践中如何作出这种区分。
Early experience has a particularly great effect on most organisms. Normal development may be disrupted by early environmental influences; individuals that survive have to cope with the damaging consequences. Additionally, the responses required to cope with environmental challenges in early life may have long-term effects on the adult organism. A further set of processes, those of developmental plasticity, may induce a phenotype that is adapted to the adult environment predicted by the conditions of early life. A mismatch between prediction and subsequent reality can cause severe health problems in those human societies where economic circumstances and nutrition are rapidly improving. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of plasticity is, therefore, clinically important. However, to conduct research in this area, developmental plasticity must be disentangled from disruption and the adverse long-term effects of coping. The paper reviews these concepts and explores ways in which such distinctions may be made in practice.