Smoking enhances the expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 involved in the efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
Smoking enhances the expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 involved in the efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
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DOI：
10.1111/1348-0421.13034
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
R. Suzuki;Yuki Ono;Koji Noshita;Kwang Su Kim;H. Ito;Yuhei Morioka;Tomokazu Tamura;D. Okuzaki;T. Tagawa;T. Takenaka;T. Yoshizumi;Teppei Shimamura;S. Iwami;T. Fukuhara
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Suzuki;Yuki Ono;Koji Noshita;Kwang Su Kim;H. Ito;Yuhei Morioka;Tomokazu Tamura;D. Okuzaki;T. Tagawa;T. Takenaka;T. Yoshizumi;Teppei Shimamura;S. Iwami;T. Fukuhara
吸烟是与 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 严重程度最密切相关的危险因素之一。然而，吸烟史与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染性之间的关系尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们评估了当前吸烟者、戒烟者和非吸烟者肺部的 ACE2 表达水平。直到最近吸烟（戒烟时间短于6个月）的戒烟者的ACE2表达水平高于不吸烟者和长期不吸烟史（戒烟时间长于6个月）的戒烟者。我们还表明，SARS-CoV-2 感染的效率以依赖于血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2) 表达水平的方式增强。通过对吸烟者肺部的 RNA-seq 分析，我们发现炎症信号基因的表达与 ACE2 表达相关。值得注意的是，随着戒烟者戒烟时间的增加，不仅ACE2表达水平下降，炎症信号基因表达水平也下降。这些结果表明吸烟增强了 ACE2 和炎症信号基因的表达水平。我们的数据表明，吸烟介导的 ACE2 表达水平上调可提高 SARS-CoV-2 感染的效率。
Smoking is one of the risk factors most closely related to the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). However, the relationship between smoking history and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infectivity is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the ACE2 expression level in the lungs of current smokers, ex‐smokers, and nonsmokers. The ACE2 expression level of ex‐smokers who smoked cigarettes until recently (cessation period shorter than 6 months) was higher than that of nonsmokers and ex‐smokers with a long history of nonsmoking (cessation period longer than 6 months). We also showed that the efficiency of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was enhanced in a manner dependent on the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression level. Using RNA‐seq analysis on the lungs of smokers, we identified that the expression of inflammatory signaling genes was correlated with ACE2 expression. Notably, with increasing duration of smoking cessation among ex‐smokers, not only ACE2 expression level but also the expression levels of inflammatory signaling genes decreased. These results indicated that smoking enhances the expression levels of ACE2 and inflammatory signaling genes. Our data suggest that the efficiency of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is enhanced by smoking‐mediated upregulation of ACE2 expression level.