Quanta Photogrammetry of Experimental Geodetic Satellite for remote detection of micrometeoroid and orbital debris impacts
Quanta Photogrammetry of Experimental Geodetic Satellite for remote detection of micrometeoroid and orbital debris impacts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.04.042
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
D. Kucharski;G. Kirchner;T. Otsubo;S. Flegel;H. Kunimori;M. Jah;F. Koidl;J. Bennett;M. Steindorfer;Peiyuan Wang
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Kucharski;G. Kirchner;T. Otsubo;S. Flegel;H. Kunimori;M. Jah;F. Koidl;J. Bennett;M. Steindorfer;Peiyuan Wang
对微流星体和轨道碎片（MMOD）对卫星影响的传统探测是基于原位传感或对暴露于粒子通量的回收表面元素进行直接目视检查，因此需要积极的在轨操作。本文提出量子摄影测量（QPM）作为一种光学方法，通过测量从卫星表面反射到地面探测系统的太阳光子通量来远程探测无源卫星表面结构异常。实验大地测量卫星Ajisai （NORAD 16908，高度1490 km）的超时光曲线是由奥地利格拉茨卫星激光测距观测站设计和运行的最先进的光子计数系统收集的。QPM利用卫星的惯性姿态模型，将高速率测光样品投影到航天器固定框架上。2015年10月至2018年1月收集的单光子光曲线用于绘制Ajisai上149个镜面板的反射率。尺寸分别为20 × 20 cm)，并揭示了相对较小的不规则形状和斑点状异常，这些异常可能表明由于长期环境相互作用和MMOD超高速撞击而导致的地表退化。
The conventional detection of micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) impacts on satellites is based on in-situ sensing or direct, visual inspection of the retrieved surface elements exposed to the particle flux and thus requires active in-orbit operations. We propose Quanta Photogrammetry (QPM) as an optical method for remote detection of surface structural anomalies of passive satellites by measuring solar photon flux reflected off the satellite surface towards the ground detection system.The hypertemporal light curves of the Experimental Geodetic Satellite - Ajisai (NORAD 16908, altitude of 1490 km) are collected with the state-of-the-art photon counting system designed and operated by the Graz Satellite Laser Ranging Observatory (Austria). QPM utilizes the inertial attitude model of the satellite to project the high-rate photometric samples onto the spacecraft body-fixed frame. The single-photon light curves collected from Oct. 2015 until Jan. 2018 are used to map reflectivity of 149 mirror panels on-board Ajisai (approx. size of 20 × 20 cm each) and reveal relatively small, irregularly shaped and spot-like anomalies that can indicate surface degradation due to the long-term environmental interactions and MMOD hypervelocity impacts.