Modeled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate
Modeled impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli4185.1
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发表时间：
2007-07-15
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Stouffer, Ronald J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Findell, Kirsten L.;Shevliakova, Elena;Stouffer, Ronald J.
地球物理流体动力学实验室的气候模式的平衡实验被用来调查人为土地覆盖变化对气候的影响。土地覆被改变的地区包括欧洲的大部分地区、印度、中国东部和美国东部。较小的变化区域存在于各个热带地区。本研究的重点是与土地覆被变化相关的生物物理变化的影响（植被、根和气孔特性、粗糙度长度），在模型中几乎完全是从森林到草地的转换;灌溉或其他水管理措施的影响以及与土地覆盖转换相关的大气二氧化碳变化的影响不包括在这些实验中。该模型表明，观察到的土地覆被变化对全球平均气候变量的影响很小或没有影响（例如，与潜在自然植被覆盖的模拟相比，在1990年土地覆盖的模拟中，2米空气温度高0.008 K。分析的年平均气候场的差异没有表现出全球现场意义。然而，在一些土地覆被变化区域内，许多地表气候变量的变化相对较大。在东欧和北方印度，这些变化在当地的年平均值和一年中的大部分月份都非常显著。它们主要可以解释为直接和间接的后果，模型规定的增加，在表面的刺，减少生根深度，气孔控制的变化，伴随着森林砍伐。
Equilibrium experiments with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's climate model are used to investigate the impact of anthropogenic land cover change on climate. Regions of altered land cover include large portions of Europe, India, eastern China, and the eastern United States. Smaller areas of change are present in various tropical regions. This study focuses on the impacts of biophysical changes associated with the land cover change (albedo, root and stomatal properties, roughness length), which is almost exclusively a conversion from forest to grassland in the model; the effects of irrigation or other water management practices and the effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide changes associated with land cover conversion are not included in these experiments.The model suggests that observed land cover changes have little or no impact on globally averaged climatic variables (e.g., 2-m air temperature is 0.008 K warmer in a simulation with 1990 land cover compared to a simulation with potential natural vegetation cover). Differences in the annual mean climatic fields analyzed did not exhibit global field significance. Within some of the regions of land cover change, however, there are relatively large changes of many surface climatic variables. These changes are highly significant locally in the annual mean and in most months of the year in eastern Europe and northern India. They can be explained mainly as direct and indirect consequences of model-prescribed increases in surface albedo, decreases in rooting depth, and changes of stomatal control that accompany deforestation.