Comparison of Cecal Microbiota and Performance Indices Between Lean-Type and Fatty-Type Pekin Ducks.
Comparison of Cecal Microbiota and Performance Indices Between Lean-Type and Fatty-Type Pekin Ducks.
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瘦型与肥型北京鸭盲肠微生物群及生产性能指标比较
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2022.820569
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Chen G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang T;Jiang Y;Tang J;Chang G;Zhao W;Hou S;Chen G
脂肪型北京鸭的脂肪沉积量高于瘦肉型。肠道微生物群在调节脂肪代谢中起着重要作用。本研究比较了FT和LT北京鸭的生长性能、屠宰性能和盲肠菌群，并分析了盲肠菌群在北京鸭脂肪沉积中的作用。选用体重相近的1日龄北京鸭FT和LT各140只，随机分为10个笼舍，每个重复14只。28 ~ 42日龄，所有鸭均饲喂商品日粮。结果表明，FT鸭的平均体重和采食量均高于LT鸭。6周龄时，LT鸭胸肌率、全净膛率显著高于FT鸭，腹脂率、皮脂率显著低于FT鸭（P < 0.01）。盲肠微生物群的16 S DNA测序显示，在4周龄和6周龄时，FT和LT鸭之间的细菌丰度不同。4周龄时，LT鸭厚壁菌门丰度高于FT鸭，而梭杆菌门和梭杆菌属丰度低于FT鸭。6周龄时LT鸭的螺旋体丰度高于FT鸭，而厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门丰度低于FT鸭。6周龄LT鸭体内螺旋体和短螺旋体的丰度高于4周龄。有趣的是，厚壁菌门和拟杆菌属在FT鸭中的丰度在6周龄时高于4周龄时，而梭杆菌门和梭杆菌属在6周龄时低于4周龄时。线性判别分析效应量分析表明，螺旋体属、短螺旋体属、Alistipes属、弯曲杆菌属、巨单胞菌属、丁酸球菌属和梭杆菌属可能作为特异性标志物参与脂肪代谢途径。我们揭示了FT和LT北京鸭盲肠微生物群中微生物丰度的差异，并提供了一个洞察盲肠微生物群在北京鸭脂质沉积中的作用。
Fatty-type (FT) Pekin ducks exhibit higher lipid deposition than lean-type (LT) ducks. The gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating fat metabolism. We compared the growth performance, slaughter performance, and cecal microbiota of FT and LT Pekin ducks and analyzed the role of cecal microbiota in lipid deposition in Pekin ducks. A total of 140 1-day-old FT and LT Pekin ducks with similar body weights were randomly assigned to 10 cages, with 14 ducks in each replicate. All ducks were fed commercial diets from 28 to 42 days of age. Results showed that the average body weight and feed intake of FT ducks were higher than those of LT ducks. The breast muscle and eviscerated percentages of LT ducks were higher than those of FT ducks; the abdominal fat and sebum percentages of LT ducks were lower than those of FT ducks at 6 weeks of age (P < 0.01). 16S DNA sequencing of the cecal microbiota revealed that the bacterial abundance differed between FT and LT ducks at 4 and 6 weeks of age. The abundance of Firmicutes was higher, while that of Fusobacteria and Fusobacterium was lower in LT ducks than in FT ducks at 4 weeks of age. The abundance of Spirochaetes was higher, while that of Firmicutes and Bacteroides was lower in LT ducks than in FT ducks at 6 weeks of age. The abundance of Spirochaetes and Brachyspira in LT ducks was higher at 6 weeks than at 4 weeks of age. Interestingly, the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroides in FT ducks was higher at 6 weeks of age than at 4 weeks of age, while that of Fusobacteria and Fusobacterium was lower at 6 weeks than at 4 weeks of age. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that Spirochaetes, Brachyspira, Alistipes, Campylobacter, Megamonas, Butyricicoccus, and Fusobacteria may be involved in the fat metabolism pathway as specific markers. We reveal the differences in microbial abundance in the cecal microbiota between FT and LT Pekin ducks and provide an insight into the role of cecal microbiota in lipid deposition in Pekin ducks.