Hydrogeologic Processes Impacting Storage, Fate, and Transport of Chloride from Road Salt in Urban Riparian Aquifers.
Hydrogeologic Processes Impacting Storage, Fate, and Transport of Chloride from Road Salt in Urban Riparian Aquifers.
复制标题
水文地质过程影响城市河岸含水层道路盐中氯化物的储存、归宿和运输。
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.6b00402
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
J. Stella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ledford;L. Lautz;J. Stella
道路盐分径流对城市溪流的不利影响因其通过暴雨排水沟、沟渠和洪水渠道的便利而加剧。溪流中盐度的升高也可能是地下水中氯的季节性储存和排放造成的，以前的工作假设，向溪流排放地下水可能会在冬季稀释溪流中的氯离子浓度，并在夏季对其进行浓缩。然而，控制这些模式的水文地质过程还没有得到彻底的研究。我们的研究集中在纽约州锡拉丘兹的一个城市溪流和泛滥平原系统，以了解地下水和地表水的交换如何影响氯的储存、命运和运输。我们建立了洪泛区地下水流动和溶质运移的三维模型，根据整个河段的洪泛区水头分布和流向河流的地下水通量进行了标定。我们使用敏感性分析来校准和评估模型参数的影响，并将模型输出与现场观测进行比较。湖漫滩含水层氯离子的主要来源机制是冬季高浓度漫滩洪水事件直接补给地下水。含水层的模型停留时间和存储容量表明，旨在促进泛滥平原重新连接和冬季洪水泛滥频率的恢复项目有可能暂时储存地下水中的氯，缓冲地表水浓度，并在道路盐碱化期间降低溪流浓度。
Detrimental effects of road salt runoff on urban streams are compounded by its facilitated routing via storm drains, ditches, and flood channels. Elevated in-stream salinity may also result from seasonal storage and discharge of chloride in groundwater, and previous work has hypothesized that groundwater discharge to streams may have the effect of diluting stream chloride concentrations in winter and enriching them in summer. However, the hydrogeological processes controlling these patterns have not been thoroughly investigated. Our research focuses on an urban stream and floodplain system in Syracuse, NY, to understand how groundwater and surface water exchange impacts chloride storage, fate, and transport. We created a 3D groundwater flow and solute transport model of the floodplain, calibrated to the distributions of floodplain hydraulic heads and groundwater fluxes to the stream throughout the reach. We used a sensitivity analysis to calibrate and evaluate the influence of model parameters, and compared model outputs to field observations. The main source mechanism of chloride to the floodplain aquifer was high-concentration, overbank flood events in winter that directly recharged groundwater. The modeled residence time and storage capacity of the aquifer indicate that restoration projects designed to promote floodplain reconnection and the frequency of overbank flooding in winter have the potential to temporarily store chloride in groundwater, buffer surface water concentrations, and reduce stream concentrations following periods of road salting.