The mycorrhizal status of the dominant vegetation along a peatland gradient in southern boreal Alberta, Canada
The mycorrhizal status of the dominant vegetation along a peatland gradient in southern boreal Alberta, Canada
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03161775
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发表时间：
1999-06
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
M. Thormann;R. S. Currah;S. Bayley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Thormann;R. S. Currah;S. Bayley
1997年，我们调查了北方阿尔伯塔南部沿沿着沼泽-沼泽梯度分布的10个泥炭地中的优势维管植物种的菌根状况。杜鹃花科的所有成员都是杜鹃花科的菌根，杨柳科和松科的成员都是外生菌根。此外，杨柳科和桦木科的一些成员同时具有外生和泡囊丛枝菌根（VAM）。在晚秋采集了已知的外生菌根真菌属Cortinarius、Lactarius和Russula的子实体。此外，世界性的外生菌根分类群Cenococcum geophilum与所有沼泽和沼泽中的树木和灌木有关。VA-菌根真菌没有发现在这些泥炭地的任何优势草本植物物种，然而，泡囊表明存在的VAM真菌被发现inCalamagrostis canadensis在河边沼泽和悬钩子chamaemorus在沼泽。无论是沼泽和沼泽苔草种，湖相沼泽的宽叶香蒲是菌根，然而，微菌核，菌核斑块，隔膜，无隔膜，和夹紧菌丝被观察到生长在其根的皮层细胞。这些菌丝中的许多是暗色的，可能属于Mycelium radicus atroviens complex（MRA），部分由内生真菌属Phialocephala和Leptodontidium组成。也观察到了丝核菌，尽管没有尝试进行明确的鉴定。MRA属的生态学意义在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，南部北方沼泽和沼泽的主要植被是菌根，可能使这些植物物种在这些营养贫乏的生态系统中增殖，否则无法获得营养池。相比之下，沼泽植被一般是非菌根，可能是由于较高的地表水营养浓度和波动的水位。
We investigated the mycorrhizal status of the dominant vascular plant species occurring in ten peatlands along a bog—fen—marsh gradient in southern boreal Alberta in 1997. All members of the Ericaceae were ericoid mycorrhizal, and members of the Salicaceae and Pinaceae were ectomycorrhizal. Also, some members of the Salicaceae and Betulaceae were simultancously ecto- and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM). Fruiting bodies of the known ectomycorrhizal fungal generaCortinarius, Lactarius, andRussulawere collected in late fall. Furthermore, the cosmopolitan ectomycorrhizal taxonCenococcum geophilumwas associated with trees and shrubs in all fens and bogs. VA-mycorrhizal fungi were not found in any of the dominant herbaceous plant species in these peatlands; however, vesicles suggesting the presence of VAM fungi were found inCalamagrostis canadensisin the riverine marsh andRubus chamaemorusin the bog. NeitherCarexspecies in fens and marshes, norTypha latifoliain the lacustrine marsh were mycorrhizal; however, microsclerotia, sclerotial plaques, septate, aseptate, and clamped hyphae were observed to grow on and within cortical cells of their roots. Many of these hyphae were dematiaceous and may belong to theMycelium radicis atrovirenscomplex (MRA), partially consisting of the endophytic fungal generaPhialocephalaandLeptodontidium. Hyphac resemblingRhizoctoniawere also observed, although definitive identifications were not attempted. The ecological significance of MRA genera remains largely unknown. Thus, the dominant vegetation in southern boreal bogs and fens is mycorrhizal, possibly enabling these plant species to proliferate in these nutrient-poor ecosystems by accessing otherwise unavailable nutrient pools. In contrast, marsh vegetation is generally non-mycorrhizal, possibly due to higher surface-water nutrient concentrations and fluctuating water levels.