Pathways and functions of gut microbiota metabolism impacting host physiology.
Pathways and functions of gut microbiota metabolism impacting host physiology.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2015.08.015
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发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Lee K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krishnan S;Alden N;Lee K
人体肠道中的细菌种群通过代谢活动影响宿主的生理功能。除了执行基本的分解代谢和生物转化功能外，肠道微生物区系还产生具有生物活性的小分子，这些小分子介导与宿主的相互作用，并有助于连接肠道和身体其他部位的神经体液轴。本文综述了肠道微生物区系代谢产物及其生物学功能的最新研究进展，重点介绍了相关的细菌途径和同源宿主受体的研究。重点指出了未来发展的几个关键领域：针对途径的基于上下文的分析；分析方法的集成；代谢建模；以及用于体内操纵微生物区系功能的合成系统。展望未来，这些发展可能会进一步加深我们对宿主-微生物区系相互作用的机械性理解。
The bacterial populations in the human intestine impact host physiological functions through their metabolic activity. In addition to performing essential catabolic and biotransformation functions, the gut microbiota produces bioactive small molecules that mediate interactions with the host and contribute to the neurohumoral axes connecting the intestine with other parts of the body. This review discusses recent progress in characterizing the metabolic products of the gut microbiota and their biological functions, focusing on studies that investigate the responsible bacterial pathways and cognate host receptors. Several key areas are highlighted for future development: context-based analysis targeting pathways; integration of analytical approaches; metabolic modeling; and synthetic systems for in vivo manipulation of microbiota functions. Prospectively, these developments could further our mechanistic understanding of host-microbiota interactions.