The application of retrospective luminescence dosimetry in areas affected by fallout from the semipalatinsk nuclear test site:: An evaluation of potential
The application of retrospective luminescence dosimetry in areas affected by fallout from the semipalatinsk nuclear test site:: An evaluation of potential
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DOI：
10.1097/01.hp.0000137178.36835.79
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Tsyb, AF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bailiff, IK;Stepanenko, VF;Tsyb, AF
在俄罗斯阿尔泰塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场东北和哈萨克斯坦塞米巴拉金斯克地区的人口稠密地区，对陶瓷砖应用了发光回顾性剂量测定技术，以确定主要来自1949年试验的放射性沉降物所造成的累积外部伽马剂量。作为一项试点研究的一部分，对9个定居点进行了检查，其中3个位于预测剂量最高的地区（哈萨克斯坦的多隆；俄罗斯的拉普捷夫洛格和列肖兹托波林斯基），其余的位于预测剂量较低的地区（哈萨克斯坦的阿科尔、博尔沙亚弗拉季罗夫卡、卡诺内卡和伊兹维斯卡；俄罗斯的鲁伯特佐夫斯克和库里亚），位于1949年试验产生的放射性尘降物痕迹的横向区域。还审查了主要受1951年9月24日核试验影响的凯纳尔定居点。该地区的砖一般适用于发光法。哈萨克斯坦的Dolon和Kanonerka以及Leshoz topolinsky因放射性尘埃在空气中的累积吸收剂量估计分别为475 +/- 110毫戈瑞、240 +/- 60毫戈瑞和230 +/- 70毫戈瑞。Dolon村获得的结果与已发表的按土壤中铯-137浓度归一化的剂量计算估计值一致。在所有其他地点（凯纳尔除外），所获得的累积吸收剂量的实验值表明，在约25毫戈瑞的范围内没有检测到由沉降引起的显著剂量。结果表明，发光法可能适合于绘制1949年试验后相对狭窄的沉降物分布走廊内累积剂量的变化。需要进行这种工作，以便为居民点的精确剂量重建提供依据，因为沉降物中主要是短寿命放射性核素，而且沉降物的分布高度不均匀，这对常规剂量测定技术的应用造成了问题。
Luminescence retrospective dosimetry techniques have been applied with ceramic bricks to determine the cumulative external gamma dose due to fallout, primarily from the 1949 test, in populated regions lying NE of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site in Altai, Russia, and the Semipalatinsk region, Kazakhstan. As part of a pilot study, nine settlements were examined, three within the regions of highest predicted dose (Dolon in Kazakshstan; Laptev Log and Leshoz Topolinskiy in Russia) and the remainder of lower predicted dose (Akkol, Bolshaya Vladimrovka, Kanonerka, and Izvestka in Kazakshstan; Rubtsovsk and Kuria in Russia) within the lateral regions of the fallout trace due to the 1949 test. The settlement of Kainar, mainly affected by the 24 September 1951 nuclear test, was also examined. The bricks from this region were found to be generally suitable for use with the luminescence method. Estimates of cumulative absorbed dose in air due to fallout for Dolon and Kanonerka in Kazakshstan and Leshoz Topolinskiy were 475 +/- 110 mGy, 240 +/- 60 mGy, and 230 +/- 70 mGy, respectively. The result obtained in Dolon village is in agreement with published calculated estimates of dose normalized to Cs-137 concentration in soil. At all the other locations (except Kainar) the experimental values of cumulative absorbed dose obtained indicated no significant dose due to fallout that could be detected within a margin of about 25 mGy. The results demonstrate the potential suitability of the luminescence method to map variations in cumulative dose within the relatively narrow corridor of fallout distribution from the 1949 test. Such work is needed to provide the basis for accurate dose reconstruction in settlements since the predominance of short-lived radionuclides in the fallout and a high degree of heterogeneity in the distribution of fallout are problematic for the application of conventional dosimetry techniques.