Effects of prior cold stimulation on inflammatory and immune regulation in ileum of cold-stressed broilers
Effects of prior cold stimulation on inflammatory and immune regulation in ileum of cold-stressed broilers
复制标题
预冷刺激对冷应激肉鸡回肠炎症和免疫调节的影响
DOI：
10.3382/ps/pey308
复制
发表时间：
2018-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bao, Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Su, Yingying;Zhang, Xin;Bao, Jun
适应可以减轻不利环境因素对生物体的负面影响。为探讨预先冷刺激对冷应激肉鸡回肠炎症和免疫调节的影响，将360只1日龄艾博艾克斯（Arbor Acres）肉鸡随机分为3组（G1、G2、G3），在常温（热舒适）下饲养1 ~ 7 d。从第8天开始，G1（对照）继续在常温下饲养，而G2和G3（处理）分别在低于G1温度的3 ℃和12 ℃下冷刺激，但不低于17 ℃（G2在32 d达到，G3在14 d达到）。在42 d时，所有组均经受7 ℃的24 h急性冷应激，指定为S1、S2和S3。分别于42 d和43 d采集鸡小肠组织和血清，检测促炎因子和免疫相关因子水平及形态学变化。42 d时，G1和G2组回肠形态结构完整，轮廓清晰，iNOS、NF-κ B、考克斯-2、PTGEs、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-4水平差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。G3回肠出现炎症性损伤，iNOS、考克斯-2、PTGEs、TNF-α、IL-4水平均高于G1（P < 0.05）。43 d时，与G1组相比，S1组回肠损伤严重，iNOS、NF-κ B、考克斯-2、PTGEs、TNF-α、IL-4水平升高（P < 0.05），IFN-γ水平降低（P <0.05）。S2细胞形态结构完整，NF-κ B B、PTGEs、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-4水平在G2和S2间无差异（P > 0.05）。与S1组相比，S2组iNOS、NF-κ B、考克斯-2、PTGEs、TNF-α、IL-4水平降低（P < 0.05），IFN-γ水平升高（P <0.05）。G1组和S2组的NF-κ B、PTGEs、TNF-α、IFN-γ和IL-4水平无差异（P > 0.05）。结果表明，8 ~ 42日龄的肉鸡在低于常温3 ℃的温度下进行冷驯化。这种预先冷习服有效地缓解了随后的冷应激引起的促炎细胞因子的升高和Th 1/Th 2失衡。
Acclimation can alleviate the negative impacts of adverse environmental factors on an organism. To investigate the effects of prior cold stimulation on inflammatory and immune regulation in ileum of cold-stressed broilers, 360 1-d-old chicks (Arbor Acres) were divided into 3 groups (G1, G2, G3) and raised at normal (thermal comfort) temperatures during 1 to 7 d. From 8 d, G1 (control) continued to be raised at normal temperatures, whereas G2 and G3 (treatments) were cold-stimulated at 3 degrees C and 12 degrees C, respectively, below the temperature of G1, but not below 17 degrees C (reached at 32 d in G2 and 14 d in G3). At 42 d, all the groups were subjected to a 24-h acute cold stress of 7 degrees C, designated as S1, S2, and S3. Ileum tissues and serum of the birds were collected at 42 d and 43 d to detect the levels of pro-inflammatory and immune-related factors as well as morphology changes. At 42 d, ileum of G1 and G2 had intact morphological structure and clear outline, with no differences in levels of iNOS, NF-kappa B, COX-2, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, or IL-4 (P > 0.05). G3 ileum suffered inflammatory injuries, with levels of iNOS, COX-2, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, and IL-4 being higher than those of G1 (P < 0.05). At 43 d, compared with G1, S1 had severely damaged ileum, increased levels of iNOS, NF-kappa B, COX-2, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, and IL-4 (P < 0.05), but decreased level of IFN-gamma (P < 0.05). The morphological structure of S2 was intact, and there were no differences between G2 and S2 in levels of NF-kappa B, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, or IL-4 (P > 0.05). Compared with S1, S2 had decreased levels of iNOS, NF-kappa B, COX-2, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, and IL-4 (P < 0.05), but increased level of IFN-gamma (P < 0.05). There were no differences between G1 and S2 in levels of NF-kappa B, PTGEs, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, or IL-4 (P > 0.05). The results demonstrate that a 3 degrees C-lower-than-normal temperature stimulation of the broilers from 8 to 42 d led to cold acclimation. This prior cold acclimation effectively alleviated elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Th1/Th2 imbalance of the birds induced by subsequent cold stress.