Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary.
Bacterioplankton Dynamics within a Large Anthropogenically Impacted Urban Estuary.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01438
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Seymour JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeffries TC;Schmitz Fontes ML;Harrison DP;Van-Dongen-Vogels V;Eyre BD;Ralph PJ;Seymour JR
栖息在水生系统中的丰富多样的微生物是水生健康的决定因素和指标，提供营养循环等基本生态系统服务，但也在受影响的生境中造成有害的水华和疾病。河口是城市化程度最高的沿海生态系统之一，因此经历了巨大的环境压力，为研究人为输入对微生物生态的影响提供了理想的系统。在这里，我们使用的高度城市化的悉尼港，澳大利亚，作为一个模型系统，调查的变化，微生物群落的组成和功能沿着自然和anthopogenic的物理化学梯度，驱动雨水流入，潮汐冲刷和输入的污染物和天然和水生生物来源的营养物质。使用的16 S rRNA基因和鸟枪宏基因组学的扩增子测序的组合，我们观察到强大的模式，在整个河口在两个时期：一个高，另一个低降雨量的微生物群落学。这些模式是由营养物浓度和溶解氧的变化，导致在不同地区的港口与不同的营养制度的微生物群落组成的分区。细菌组成的模式与红细菌科，黄杆菌科，微杆菌科，盐单胞菌科，酸性微生物目，聚球藻属的丰度的变化，再加上富集的总微生物代谢途径，包括磷和氮代谢，硫酸盐还原，毒力，和烃类的降解。此外，社区β-多样性划分之间的两个采样周期。这可能反映了转移外来营养输入对微生物群落的影响，并强调了系统的时间动态性质。结合起来，我们的研究结果提供了深入了解自然和人为驱动因素对高度城市化水生生态系统中微生物群落结构和功能的同时影响。
The abundant and diverse microorganisms that inhabit aquatic systems are both determinants and indicators of aquatic health, providing essential ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling but also causing harmful blooms and disease in impacted habitats. Estuaries are among the most urbanized coastal ecosystems and as a consequence experience substantial environmental pressures, providing ideal systems to study the influence of anthropogenic inputs on microbial ecology. Here we use the highly urbanized Sydney Harbor, Australia, as a model system to investigate shifts in microbial community composition and function along natural and anthopogenic physicochemical gradients, driven by stormwater inflows, tidal flushing and the input of contaminants and both naturally and anthropogenically derived nutrients. Using a combination of amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomics, we observed strong patterns in microbial biogeography across the estuary during two periods: one of high and another of low rainfall. These patterns were driven by shifts in nutrient concentration and dissolved oxygen leading to a partitioning of microbial community composition in different areas of the harbor with different nutrient regimes. Patterns in bacterial composition were related to shifts in the abundance of Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Halomonadaceae, Acidomicrobiales, and Synechococcus, coupled to an enrichment of total microbial metabolic pathways including phosphorus and nitrogen metabolism, sulfate reduction, virulence, and the degradation of hydrocarbons. Additionally, community beta-diversity was partitioned between the two sampling periods. This potentially reflected the influence of shifting allochtonous nutrient inputs on microbial communities and highlighted the temporally dynamic nature of the system. Combined, our results provide insights into the simultaneous influence of natural and anthropogenic drivers on the structure and function of microbial communities within a highly urbanized aquatic ecosystem.