The PFOA substitute GenX detected in the environment near a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant in the Netherlands
The PFOA substitute GenX detected in the environment near a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant in the Netherlands
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.135
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
de Boer, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brandsma, S. H.;Koekkoek, J. C.;de Boer, J.
对全氟辛酸(PFOA)的禁令导致了替代含氟化合物的生产和使用，如GenX。关于这种全氟辛酸替代品的发生情况，现有信息有限。在这项初步研究中，我们调查了在荷兰一家氟聚合物制造厂附近采集的草和叶样本以及在距离工厂25公里内的地表水和地表水影响地下水取水点生产的饮用水中是否存在GenX。在距该植物东北方向3公里范围内采集的所有草和叶样本中都检测到GEnx，含量分别为1-27 ng/g湿重(WW)和4.3-86 ng/g WW。全氟辛酸在草和叶中的含量较低，分别为0.7~11 ng/g WW和0.9~28 ng/g WW。随着植物距离的增加，GenX和全氟辛酸的浓度梯度逐渐减小，这表明该植物是GenX的点源，过去也是全氟辛酸的点源。在所有饮用水样品中，GenX和全氟辛酸的检出量分别为1.4~8.0 ng/L和1.9~7.1 ng/L。自2012年以来才开始使用的GenX在草和树叶中以及饮用水中的检测表明，GenX现在通过环境分布。在工厂东北方向3公里范围内的草和叶子中存在GenX和全氟辛酸，这也表明这些化学物质也可能存在于工厂周围花园中当地种植的食物中。(C)2018年作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。这是CC BY-NC-ND许可证(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).下的一篇开放获取文章
The ban on perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has led to the production and use of alternative fluorinated compounds such as GenX. Limited information is available on the occurrence of this PFOA substitute. In this pilot study, we investigated the presence of GenX in/on grass and leaf samples collected near a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant in the Netherlands and in drinking water produced from surface and surface-water influenced groundwater intake points within 25 km from the plant. GenX was detected in/on all grass and leaf samples collected within 3 km north-east from the plant, with levels ranging from 1 to 27 ng/g wet weight (ww) and 4.3-86 ng/g ww, respectively. The PFOA levels in/on grass and leaves were lower, ranging from 0.7 to 11 ng/g ww and 0.9-28 ng/g ww, respectively. A declining concentration gradient of GenX and PFOA with increasing distance from the plant was observed, which suggests that the plant is a point source of GenX and was a point source for PFOA in the past. In all drinking water samples, GenX and PFOA were detected with levels ranging from 1.4 to 8.0 ng/L, and 1.9-7.1 ng/L, respectively. The detection of GenX, which is only used since 2012, in/on grass and leaves and in drinking water indicates that GenX is now distributed through the environment. The presence of GenX and PFOA in/on grass and leaves within 3 km north-east of the plant also suggests that these chemicals could also be present on the locally grown food in gardens around the factory. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).