Central insulin and leptin-mediated autonomic control of glucose homeostasis.

Central insulin and leptin-mediated autonomic control of glucose homeostasis.
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中央胰岛素和瘦素介导的葡萄糖稳态自主控制。

DOI:
10.1016/j.tem.2011.03.001
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发表时间:
2011-07
影响因子:
10.9
通讯作者:
Hill, Jennifer W.
Hill, Jennifer W.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Marino, Joseph S.;Xu, Yong;Hill, Jennifer W.

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2型糖尿病的发病率随着肥胖率的上升而迅速上升。2型糖尿病是由多器官葡萄糖代谢功能障碍引起的。最近的出版物强调了下丘脑胰岛素和脂肪因子敏感作为外周葡萄糖和胰岛素反应性的主要决定因素。大量证据表明,大脑是葡萄糖稳态的主要调节器,下丘脑胰岛素和瘦素信号尤其在胰岛素抵抗的发展中起着至关重要的作用。这篇综述讨论了下丘脑,自主神经系统和组织之间的神经元串扰与2型糖尿病的发病机制,以及下丘脑胰岛素和瘦素信号是如何维持正常的葡萄糖稳态。
Largely as a result of rising obesity rates, the incidence of type 2 diabetes is escalating rapidly. Type 2 diabetes results from multi-organ dysfunctional glucose metabolism. Recent publications have highlighted hypothalamic insulin- and adipokine-sensing as a major determinant of peripheral glucose and insulin responsiveness. The preponderance of evidence indicates that the brain is the master regulator of glucose homeostasis, and that hypothalamic insulin and leptin signaling in particular play a crucial role in the development of insulin resistance. This review discusses the neuronal crosstalk between the hypothalamus, autonomic nervous system, and tissues associated with the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and how hypothalamic insulin and leptin signaling are integral to maintaining normal glucose homeostasis.
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