Local biodiversity is higher inside than outside terrestrial protected areas worldwide.
Local biodiversity is higher inside than outside terrestrial protected areas worldwide.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms12306
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发表时间：
2016-07-28
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Scharlemann JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray CL;Hill SL;Newbold T;Hudson LN;Börger L;Contu S;Hoskins AJ;Ferrier S;Purvis A;Scharlemann JP
保护区被广泛认为是保护生物多样性的关键。然而，很少有全球性研究表明，保护有利于广泛的物种。在这里，我们使用具有前所未有的地理和分类覆盖范围的新的全球生物多样性数据库，比较了保护区内外多种土地利用抽样地点的四种生物多样性指标。在全球范围内，物种丰富度高10.6%，丰富度高14.5%，在保护区内采取的样本相比，在外面采取的样本，但无论是基于稀少的丰富度和地方性差异显着。重要的是，我们表明，保护的积极影响主要是由于受保护和不受保护的网站之间的土地利用的差异。尽管如此，即使在一些人类占主导地位的土地使用中，保护区的物种丰富度和丰度也更高。我们的研究结果加强了保护区的全球重要性，但表明保护并不总是有利于小范围的物种或增加生态位的多样性。 保护区被认为对生物多样性保护至关重要，但很少有研究证实保护有利于物种。在这里，Gray和Hill等人分析了一个全球性的、分类学上广泛的数据库，以表明保护区内的当地物种丰富度和丰度高于保护区外。
Protected areas are widely considered essential for biodiversity conservation. However, few global studies have demonstrated that protection benefits a broad range of species. Here, using a new global biodiversity database with unprecedented geographic and taxonomic coverage, we compare four biodiversity measures at sites sampled in multiple land uses inside and outside protected areas. Globally, species richness is 10.6% higher and abundance 14.5% higher in samples taken inside protected areas compared with samples taken outside, but neither rarefaction-based richness nor endemicity differ significantly. Importantly, we show that the positive effects of protection are mostly attributable to differences in land use between protected and unprotected sites. Nonetheless, even within some human-dominated land uses, species richness and abundance are higher in protected sites. Our results reinforce the global importance of protected areas but suggest that protection does not consistently benefit species with small ranges or increase the variety of ecological niches. Protected areas are thought essential for biodiversity conservation, but few studies confirm that protection benefits species. Here, Gray and Hill et al. analyse a global, taxonomically broad database to show that local species richness and abundance are higher inside protected areas than outside.