The subventricular zone is able to respond to a demyelinating lesion after localized radiation.
The subventricular zone is able to respond to a demyelinating lesion after localized radiation.
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DOI：
10.1002/stem.1519
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发表时间：
2014-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Quiñones-Hinojosa A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capilla-Gonzalez V;Guerrero-Cazares H;Bonsu JM;Gonzalez-Perez O;Achanta P;Wong J;Garcia-Verdugo JM;Quiñones-Hinojosa A
放射是治疗脑肿瘤的常用工具，其副作用是诱导神经功能缺损。其中一些缺陷似乎与辐射对神经原性壁龛的影响有关，这些区域的增殖能力急剧下降。在成年哺乳动物脑中，侧脑室的室管膜下区（SVZ）是主要的神经源性小生境。SVZ内的神经干/前体细胞（NSCs）在损伤后的脑修复中起重要作用。然而，辐射的神经干细胞的能力，以应对损害尚未得到阐明。在这项研究中，我们评估了局部辐射对SVZ对溶血卵磷脂诱导的纹状体脱髓鞘反应能力的影响。我们证明，脑损伤后，照射SVZ的增殖率增加，残留的神经干细胞被重新激活。照射后的SVZ有大量的doublecortin阳性细胞，这些细胞似乎从侧脑室向脱髓鞘的纹状体迁移，在那里发现了新产生的少突胶质细胞。此外，在没有脱髓鞘损伤的情况下，照射后的SVZ中剩余的细胞似乎在照射后一年重新填充了神经原性龛。这些发现支持了NSC具有放射抗性并且可以对脑损伤做出反应，恢复神经原性生态位的假设。更全面地了解局部放射对SVZ的影响可能会改善目前用于癌症放射治疗的方案。
Radiation is a common tool in the treatment of brain tumors that induces neurological deficits as a side effect. Some of these deficits appear to be related to the impact of radiation on the neurogenic niches, producing a drastic decrease in the proliferative capacity of these regions. In the adult mammalian brain, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles is the main neurogenic niche. Neural stem/precursor cells (NSCs) within the SVZ play an important role in brain repair following injuries. However, the irradiated NSCs' ability to respond to damage has not been previously elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the effects of localized radiation on the SVZ ability to respond to a lysolecithin-induced demyelination of the striatum. We demonstrated that the proliferation rate of the irradiated SVZ was increased after brain damage and that residual NSCs were reactivated. The irradiated SVZ had an expansion of doublecortin positive cells that appeared to migrate from the lateral ventricles toward the demyelinated striatum, where newly generated oligodendrocytes were found. In addition, in the absence of demyelinating damage, remaining cells in the irradiated SVZ appeared to repopulate the neurogenic niche a year post-radiation. These findings support the hypothesis that NSCs are radioresistant and can respond to a brain injury, recovering the neurogenic niche. A more complete understanding of the effects that localized radiation has on the SVZ may lead to improvement of the current protocols used in the radiotherapy of cancer.