Human amnesia and animal models of amnesia: performance of amnesic patients on tests designed for the monkey.
Human amnesia and animal models of amnesia: performance of amnesic patients on tests designed for the monkey.
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人类失忆症和失忆症动物模型：失忆症患者在为猴子设计的测试中的表现。
DOI：
10.1037//0735-7044.102.2.210
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发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Chen,KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Squire,LR;Zola-Morgan,S;Chen,KS
健忘症患者的表现在五项任务上进行了评估，这五项任务在猴子的人类健忘症动物模型的开发中占有重要地位。健忘症患者受损的四个这些任务（延迟不匹配的样品，对象奖励协会，8对同时歧视学习，和对象歧视任务），与先前的研究结果与猴子的双边内侧颞或间脑病变。此外，健忘症患者的表现与语言表达任务背后的原则的能力以及描述和识别刺激材料的能力相关。因此，这些任务似乎对人类健忘症中受影响的记忆功能很敏感，它们可以在猴子的研究中提供有效的记忆损伤测量。对于第五项任务（24小时同步辨别学习），健忘症患者的发现与之前手术猴子的发现不一致。据报道，患有内侧颞叶损伤的猴子以正常的速度学习这项任务，而健忘症患者则明显受损。猴子学习这项任务的方式可能与人类不同。
The performance of amnesic patients was assessed on five tasks, which have figured prominently in the development of animal models of human amnesia in the monkey. The amnesic patients were impaired on four of these tasks (delayed nonmatching to sample, object-reward association, 8-pair concurrent discrimination learning, and an object discrimination task), in correspondence with previous findings for monkeys with bilateral medial temporal or diencephalic lesions. Moreover, performance of the amnesic patients correlated with the ability to verbalize the principle underlying the tasks and with the ability to describe and recognize the stimulus materials. These tasks therefore seem to be sensitive to the memory functions that are affected in human amnesia, and they can provide valid measures of memory impairment in studies with monkeys. For the fifth task (24-hour concurrent discrimination learning), the findings for the amnesic patients did not correspond to previous findings for operated monkeys. Whereas monkeys with medial temporal lesions reportedly learn this task at a normal rate, the amnesic patients were markedly impaired. Monkeys may learn this task differently than humans.