An ancient role for Gata-1/2/3 and Scl transcription factor homologs in the development of immunocytes.
An ancient role for Gata-1/2/3 and Scl transcription factor homologs in the development of immunocytes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.06.019
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Cynthia M. Solek;P. Oliveri;M. Loza-Coll;Catherine S. Schrankel;E. Ho;Guizhi Wang;J. Rast
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cynthia M. Solek;P. Oliveri;M. Loza-Coll;Catherine S. Schrankel;E. Ho;Guizhi Wang;J. Rast
Although vertebrate hematopoiesis is the focus of intense study, immunocyte development is well-characterized in only a few invertebrate groups. The sea urchin embryo provides a morphologically simple model for immune cell development in an organism that is phylogenetically allied to vertebrates. Larval immunocytes, including pigment cells and several blastocoelar cell subtypes, emerge from a population of non-skeletal mesodermal (NSM) precursors that is specified at the blastula stage. This ring of cells is first partitioned into oral and aboral fields with distinct blastocoelar and pigment cell gene regulatory programs. The oral field is subsequently specified into several distinct immune and non-immune cell types during gastrulation. Here we characterize the oral NSM expression and downstream function of two homologs of key vertebrate hematopoietic transcription factors:SpGatac, an ortholog of vertebrateGata-1/2/3andSpScl, an ortholog ofScl/Tal-2/Lyl-1. Perturbation of SpGatac affects blastocoelar cell migration at gastrulation and later expression of immune effector genes, whereas interference with SpScl function disrupts segregation of pigment and blastocoelar cell precursors. Homologs of several transcription regulators that interact with Gata-1/2/3 and Scl factors in vertebrate hematopoiesis are also co-expressed in the oral NSM, includingSpE-protein, the sea urchin homolog of vertebrateE2A/HEB/E2-2andSpLmo2, an ortholog of a dedicated cofactor of the Scl–GATA transcription complex. Regulatory analysis ofSpGatacindicates that oral NSM identity is directly suppressed in presumptive pigment cells by the transcription factor SpGcm. These findings provide part of a comparative basis to understand the evolutionary origins and regulatory biology of deuterostome immune cell differentiation in the context of a tractable gene regulatory network model.
