The number of polynomial solutions of polynomial Riccati equations

The number of polynomial solutions of polynomial Riccati equations
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多项式 Riccati 方程的多项式解的个数

DOI:
10.1016/j.jde.2016.07.019
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发表时间:
2016-02
影响因子:
2.4
通讯作者:
Xiang Zhang
Xiang Zhang
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Armengol Gasull;Joan Torregrosa;Xiang Zhang

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考虑真实的或复多项式Riccati微分方程a(x)ystec = B 0(x)+ B 1(x)y+ B 2(x)y2,其中所有涉及的函数都是次数不超过η的多项式.我们证明了多项式解的最大个数为η+ 1(分别为η +1和η +1)。2)当η≥ 1时(η= 0),并且这些边界是尖锐的。对于函数为至多η≥ 1次三角多项式的真实的三角多项式Riccati微分方程,我们证明了一个类似的结果.在这种情况下,三角多项式解的最大数量为2η(分别为3)当η≥ 2时(η= 1),而且,这些边界是尖锐的。虽然这两个结果的证明有相同的出发点,经典的结果,断言四个不同的解决方案的Riccati微分方程的交比是常数,三角的情况下,涉及更多。主要原因是三角多项式环不是唯一的分解整环。
Consider real or complex polynomial Riccati differential equations a (x) y˙= b 0 (x)+ b 1 (x) y+ b 2 (x) y 2 with all the involved functions being polynomials of degree at most η. We prove that the maximum number of polynomial solutions is η+ 1 (resp. 2) when η≥ 1 (resp. η= 0) and that these bounds are sharp. For real trigonometric polynomial Riccati differential equations with all the functions being trigonometric polynomials of degree at most η≥ 1 we prove a similar result. In this case, the maximum number of trigonometric polynomial solutions is 2η (resp. 3) when η≥ 2 (resp. η= 1) and, again, these bounds are sharp. Although the proof of both results has the same starting point, the classical result that asserts that the cross ratio of four different solutions of a Riccati differential equation is constant, the trigonometric case is much more involved. The main reason is that the ring of trigonometric polynomials is not a unique factorization domain.
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