Here's looking at me: The effect of memory perspective on assessments of personal change
Here's looking at me: The effect of memory perspective on assessments of personal change
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.88.1.50
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Gilovich, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Libby, LK;Eibach, RP;Gilovich, T
五项研究操纵记忆的角度（第一人称与第三人称）个人用于视觉回忆自传体事件，并检查其对个人变化的评估的影响。心理治疗的客户回忆他们的第一次治疗（研究1），本科生回忆过去的社交尴尬（研究2）。被诱导从第三人称视角回忆的参与者相信，并且表现得好像（研究2），自从事件发生以来，他们改变了更多。随后的研究揭示了一个关键的调节因素：当人们倾向于寻找变化的证据时，第三人称回忆会产生更大的自我变化判断，但当他们倾向于寻找连续性的证据时，自我变化较小。当动机（研究I和2），目标（研究3），指示（研究4）和自尊（研究5）决定参与者关注变化与连续性时，这种模式出现了。结果对记忆和判断的建构主义以及持续自我改善的能力有影响。
Five studies manipulated the memory perspective (1st-person vs. 3rd-person) individuals used to visually recall autobiographical events and examined its effects on assessments of personal change. Psychotherapy clients recalled their first treatment (Study 1), and undergraduates recalled past social awkwardness (Study 2). Participants who were induced to recall from the 3rd-person perspective believed, and acted as though (Study 2), they had changed more since the events occurred. Subsequent studies revealed a crucial moderator: Third-person recall produces judgments of greater self-change when people are inclined to look for evidence of change, but lesser self-change when they are inclined to look for evidence of continuity. This pattern emerged when motivation (Studies I and 2), goals (Study 3), instructions (Study 4), and self-esteem (Study 5) determined participants' focus on change versus continuity. Results have implications for constructivism in memory and judgment and for the ability to sustain self-improvement efforts.