Annual Report on surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union in 2018
Annual Report on surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds in Member States of the European Union in 2018
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5945
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Aznar, Inma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brouwer, Adam;Gonzales, Jose;Aznar, Inma
禽流感（AI）是一种病毒性传染病，影响所有种类的家禽和野鸟。引起该病的病毒可具有高致病性（高致病性）或低致病性（低致病性），并对欧洲的家禽构成持续威胁。理事会指令2005/94/EC要求欧盟成员国对家禽和野生鸟类进行监测，并将结果通知主管当局。因此，会员国和瑞士实施了监测规划，每年监测禽流感病毒在家禽和野生鸟类中的入侵情况。欧洲食品安全局收到欧洲委员会的授权，在一份年度报告中整理、验证、分析和总结禽流感监测方案产生的数据。这是在这一任务授权下编写的第一份报告，总结了2018年在家禽和野生鸟类中开展的监测活动的结果。总共对18,596家家禽养殖场进行了抽样，其中43家H5禽流感血清呈阳性，2家H7禽流感血清呈阳性。在11个MSs中发现血清阳性机构，其中水禽、野禽和鹅鸭养殖场的血清阳性机构比例最高。共采集了9145只死亡/死亡野鸟样本，其中163只野鸟对高致病性禽流感病毒H5N6检测呈阳性。受感染的禽鸟由8个国家报告，主要发现于2018年1月至4月。本报告描述了感染高致病性禽流感的野生鸟类种类，并对针对性采样策略进行了评估。给出了HPAI检测的粗比值比作为目标物种的函数（属于目标物种列表的物种与不属于目标物种列表的物种）。还讨论了2018年对家禽和野生鸟类的监测结果，并将其与前几年的调查结果和目前对欧洲人工智能流行病学的了解联系起来。(c) 2019年欧洲食品安全局。《欧洲食品安全局杂志》由约翰威利父子有限公司代表欧洲食品安全局出版。
Avian influenza (AI) is a viral infectious disease that affects all species of domestic and wild birds. The viruses causing this disease can be of high (HPAI) or low (LPAI) pathogenicity and represent a continuous threat to poultry in Europe. Council Directive 2005/94/EC requests EU Member States (MSs) to carry out surveillance in poultry and wild birds and notify the results to the responsible authority. Therefore, MSs and Switzerland have implemented surveillance programmes to yearly monitor incursions of AI viruses in poultry and wild birds. EFSA received a mandate from the European Commission, to collate, validate, analyse and summarise in an annual report the data resulting from the avian influenza surveillance programmes. This is the first report produced under this mandate summarising the results of the surveillance activities carried out in poultry and wild birds in 2018. Overall 18,596 poultry establishments were sampled, of which 43 were seropositive for H5 AI and two for H7 AI. Seropositive establishments were found in 11 MSs, with the highest percentage of seropositive establishments being found in waterfowl gamebird, and geese and duck breeding establishments. A total of 9,145 dead/moribund wild birds were sampled, with 163 birds testing positive to HPAI virus H5N6. The infected birds were reported by eight MSs and were mostly found between January and April 2018. In this report, the wild bird species affected with HPAI are described and the strategy of targeted sampling is assessed. The crude odds ratio of HPAI detection as a function of the target species (species belonging to the list of target species versus species not belonging to the target list) is presented. The surveillance findings for poultry and wild birds for 2018 are also discussed in relation to findings from previous years and current knowledge on the epidemiology of AI in Europe. (c) 2019 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority.