Automation of a series of cutaneous topography measurements from silicon rubber replicas
Automation of a series of cutaneous topography measurements from silicon rubber replicas
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0846.2002.00309.x
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Mignot, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nardin, P;Nita, D;Mignot, J
背景/目的：皮肤缓解是皮肤科医生和外科医生感兴趣的问题。可用于表面形貌测量的方法之一是基于使用皮肤表面复制品的3D轮廓术。大多数研究使用从大量皮肤复制品样本获得的统计结果。光学轮廓仪(非接触式)的出现使得去除固体阳性复制品和缩短轮廓术数据采集的持续时间成为可能。然而，这种节省时间的方法/结果：通过在光学轮廓仪上添加摄像机，然后通过处理产生的图像，我们已经设想了一个系统，能够在没有任何人工干预的情况下，对松散地组织在样品夹具上的一系列复制品进行地形测量。正在使用的硅胶复制品颜色非常浅：近乎白色，有时略有蓝色或绿色。轮廓仪的激光光斑如此明亮，以至于它的红色通过相机看起来是白色的。当选择一个哑光深色的复制品，并在复制品上的左上角用黑色墨水标记学习区域时，图像上要区分的颜色就会接近黑白图像，相应地，我们将彩色摄像机图像转换为黑白图像(256个灰度级)，然后进行阈值分割，以区分图像中包含的不同对象或信息。通过使用一个精确已知大小的完美圆形复制品，放置在相机拍摄区域中心的样品保持器上，我们调整阈值水平，这允许复制品与其保持器分离。然后我们移动这个校准的复制品，以便在视频图像的不同位置找到样本支架上的像素大小和实际大小之间的关系。该软件有四个主要的内置阶段：将样品保持器移动到传感器下方，直到在相机的视场中检测到复制品的一部分；移动样品保持器，直到这个复制品正好位于相机给出的图像的中间；识别该复制品内部要测量的表面积的左上角的标记；以及移动样品架，直到轮廓仪的激光光斑与待测表面区域的原点重合，然后进行测量。从样品架的左上角开始，逐行或逐列(根据选定的优先方向)进行扫描，直到找到连续的副本，并在操作员输入的副本数量达到时立即停止扫描。结论：所使用的算法简单，可以在几秒钟内区分下一个测量区域和前一个测量区域。
Background/aims: Skin relief is a matter of interest for dermatologists and surgeons. One of the methods available for surface topography measurement is based on 3D profilometry using skin surface replicas. and most studies use statistical results obtained from a large number of skin replica samples.The advent of optical profilometers (without contact) made it possible to remove the solid positive replica and to reduce the duration of the profilometric data acquisition. Nevertheless this saving of time, to be really interesting, needs to automate the data acquisition on a series of negative replicas.Methods/Results: By adding a video camera to the optical profilometer and then by processing the resulting images, we have conceived a system able to carry out topographic measurements on a series of replicas loosely organized on a sample holder, without any human intervention. The silicon replicas in use have a very light colour: nearly white, sometimes slightly blue or green. The laser spot of the profilometer is so luminous that its red colour looks white through the camera. When choosing a replica holder with a matt dark colour and marking the left upper corner of the study area on the replica in black ink, the colours to be differentiated on the image are then close to the black one and the white one.We accordingly change the colour camera image into a black and white image (with 256 grey levels) and then carry out thresholdings to separate the different objects or information included in this image. With the use of a perfectly circular replica, of an accurately known size, laid on the sample holder at the center of the area filmed by the camera, we adjust the threshold level, which allows separation of the replica from its holder. We then move this calibrated replica in order to find the relationship between the size in pixels and the real size on the sample holder, in various positions of the video image.The software has four main built-in stages:. Moving the sample holder beneath the sensor until a part of a replica is detected in the field of view of the camera;. Moving the sample holder until this replica lies just in the middle of the image given by the camera;. Recognition of the mark of the upper left corner of the surface area to be measured out inside this replica; and. Moving the sample holder until the laser spot of the profilometer coincides with the origin of the surface area to be measured out, then carrying out this measurement.From the upper left corner of the sample holder, a scanning, line-by-line or column-by-column (according to the selected priority direction), is carried out until the successive replicas are found, and is stopped as soon as the number of replicas entered by the operator is reached.Conclusion: The simplicity of the algorithms used makes it possible to distinguish the next measurement area from the preceding one in a few seconds.