Enabling Passive Backscatter Tag Localization Without Active Receivers
Enabling Passive Backscatter Tag Localization Without Active Receivers
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DOI：
10.1145/3485730.3485950
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发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Ahmad;Xiao Sha;M. Stanaćević;A. Athalye;P. Djurić;Samir R Das
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Ahmad;Xiao Sha;M. Stanaćević;A. Athalye;P. Djurić;Samir R Das
后向散射标签无源地发射，而无需机载有源无线电发射器。然而，几乎所有现今的反向散射系统都依赖于有源无线电接收器。这对反向散射系统提出了显著的可扩展性、功率和成本挑战。为了克服这一障碍，最近的研究使这些无源标签能够可靠地接收来自其他标签的反向散射信号。这形成了无源网络的构建块，其中标签在发送或接收侧上没有有源无线电的情况下彼此交谈。对于更广泛的功能，这些标签的准确定位是至关重要的。所有已知的反向散射标签定位技术都依赖于有源接收器来测量和表征所接收的信号。因此，它们不能直接应用于无源标签到标签网络。本文克服了差距，开发了一种定位技术，这种无源网络的基础上，一种新的方法，基于相位的测距在无源接收机。该方法允许成对的无源标签协作确定标签间信道相位，同时有效地最大限度地减少周围环境中多路径和噪声的影响。在此基础上，我们开发了一种本地化技术，受益于大的链路多样性，唯一可用的被动标签到标签网络。我们评估我们的技术的性能与广泛的微基准测试实验在室内环境中使用制造的原型标签硬件。我们表明，我们的基于相位的测距性能类似于有源接收器，提供中值1D测距误差<1 cm，中值定位误差也<1 cm。受益于大规模的链路分集，我们的定位技术优于几个国家的最先进的技术，使用主动接收机。
Backscattering tags transmit passively without an on-board active radio transmitter. Almost all present-day backscatter systems, however, rely on active radio receivers. This presents a significant scalability, power and cost challenge for backscatter systems. To overcome this barrier, recent research has empowered these passive tags with the ability to reliably receive backscatter signals from other tags. This forms the building block of passive networks wherein tags talk to each other without an active radio on either the transmit or receive side. For wider functionality, accurate localization of such tags is critical. All known backscatter tag localization techniques rely on active receivers for measuring and characterizing the received signal. As a result, they cannot be directly applied to passive tag-to-tag networks. This paper overcomes the gap by developing a localization technique for such passive networks based on a novel method for phase-based ranging in passive receivers. This method allows pairs of passive tags to collaboratively determine the inter-tag channel phase while effectively minimizing the effects of multipath and noise in the surrounding environment. Building on this, we develop a localization technique that benefits from large link diversity uniquely available in a passive tag-to-tag network. We evaluate the performance of our techniques with extensive micro-benchmarking experiments in an indoor environment using fabricated prototypes of tag hardware. We show that our phase-based ranging performs similar to active receivers, providing median 1D ranging error <1 cm and median localization error also <1 cm. Benefiting from the large-scale link diversity our localization technique outperforms several state-of-the-art techniques that use active receivers.