Recent advances in exosomal RNAs analysis towards diagnostic and therapeutic applications
Recent advances in exosomal RNAs analysis towards diagnostic and therapeutic applications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trac.2022.116840
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发表时间：
2022-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shuo Yin;Aipeng Chen;Yue Ding;Jiafeng Song;Rui Chen;Peng Zhang;Chao Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shuo Yin;Aipeng Chen;Yue Ding;Jiafeng Song;Rui Chen;Peng Zhang;Chao Yang
外泌体是细胞外小泡（EVs），大小为30 - 150nm，由内体途径形成，在许多生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。在所有的外泌体货物中，选择性地封闭在外泌体中的各种rna已被认为是细胞间通讯的介质和临床诊断和治疗中有前途的工具。准确灵敏的外泌体rna分析对于基础研究和临床应用都至关重要。在过去的十年里，外泌体rna的研究取得了快速的发展，而外泌体rna检测技术在临床应用方面的最新进展尚未得到概述和讨论。这篇综述全面介绍了外泌体rna，并强调了从各种样品基质中分析外泌体rna的最新进展。讨论了外泌体rna的检测技术，重点是各种台式生物传感器和微流体装置。随后总结了外泌体rna在癌症诊断和治疗中的各种应用，重点介绍了它们作为非侵入性生物标志物和治疗工具的作用。最后，我们讨论了当前的研究挑战，并指出外泌体rna分析在诊断和治疗应用方面还有很大的发展空间。
Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles (EVs) with sizes of 30–150 nm, are formed by an endosomal route and play a series of important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. Among all exosomal cargos, various RNAs selectively enclosed into exosomes have been recognized as mediators of intercellular communications and promising tools in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Accurate and sensitive exosomal RNAs analysis is crucial for both basic research and clinical applications. Rapid developments in exosomal RNAs research have been achieved in the past decade, while the most recent advances in exosomal RNAs detection techniques for clinical applications have not yet been outlined and discussed. This review offers a thorough introduction to exosomal RNAs and highlights the state-of-the-art advances in exosomal RNAs analysis from various sample matrices. Detection techniques for exosomal RNAs are discussed, with emphasis on various benchtop biosensors and microfluidic devices. Various applications of exosomal RNAs for cancer diagnosis and therapy are subsequently summarized, focusing on their roles as non-invasive biomarkers and therapeutic tools. We conclude with a discussion of current research challenges and indicate the abundant room for further progresses in exosomal RNAs analysis towards diagnostic and therapeutic applications.