Ecology and conservation of the American eel in the Caribbean region
Ecology and conservation of the American eel in the Caribbean region
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DOI：
10.1111/fme.12300
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Lilyestrom, Craig G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kwak, Thomas J.;Engman, Augustin C.;Lilyestrom, Craig G.
大部分的美洲鳗鱼，Anguilla rostrata LeSueur，知识来自美国和加拿大的温带地区，很少有人知道它的热带加勒比分布。综合了关于美洲鳗鱼分布、丰度、种群生物学、栖息地生态学和来自加勒比波多黎各岛的威胁的原始研究结果。在2005-2016年期间，美国鳗鱼在49个流域中的26个流域（53.1%）的116个地点中的48个（41.4%）被捕获，并且在水坝和>3.0米高的迁移障碍物（栖息地的38.9%）上游被消灭。平均密度和生物量分别为438.9条鱼/公顷和23.44公斤/公顷。上游栖息地有利于较大的个人，女性比男性大。在120条鳗鱼中均未发现厚壳鳗鲡（Anguillicoloides crassus crashara，新见& Hagaki）鳔寄生虫。已意识到的威胁包括水坝和其他迁徙障碍、栖息地丧失和改变以及污染;外来物种和商业捕鱼是迫在眉睫的威胁;最不了解的是气候变化。
The majority of American eel, Anguilla rostrata LeSueur, knowledge is derived from temperate regions in the United States and Canada, with little known from its tropical Caribbean distribution. Findings of original research on American eel distribution, abundance, population biology, habitat ecology and threats from the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico were synthesised. American eel were captured from 48 of 116 sites (41.4%) in 26 of 49 river basins (53.1%) during 2005-2016, and it was extirpated upstream of dams and migration barriers >3.0 m high (38.9% of habitat). Mean density and biomass were 438.9 fish/ha and 23.44 kg/ha, respectively. Upstream habitats favoured larger individuals, and females were larger than males. The swim-bladder parasite Anguillicoloides crassus Kuwahara, Niimi & Hagaki was not found in 120 eels examined. Realised threats include dams and other migratory barriers, habitat loss and alteration and pollution; exotic species and commercial fishing are impending threats; and the least understood is climate change.